Foreign Interests
an Anti-Communist movement that swept the U.S. in 1919 in response to the Communist Revolution in Russia
The Red Scare
one of the first industrialists to promote higher wages for workers because he recognized that they were also consumers
Henry Ford
a period of severely reduced economic activity characterized by a sharp rise in unemployment as people lose their jobs and are unable to find new ones
depression
FDR’s first three months in office featured a flurry of activity that became known as ___________________________
The Hundred Days
a movement within Protestantism in the 20th-century that taught literal interpretation of the Bible and opposed a modernist worldview
Fundamentalism
the limitation or reduction of weapons
disarmament
The consumer item that most defined the 1920s
the automobile
slums of temporary shelters in many cities where the unemployed and homeless workers gathered
Hoovervilles
passed in 1935 as a pension program for the elderly, orphaned, and those injured in industrial accidents
The Social Security Act
restricted the number of immigrants entering America
the National Origins Act of 1924
The Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover administrations supervised the transition away from political ties in foreign affairs to what?
business ties in foreign affairs
the most celebrated American hero for his daring solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean in his airplane The Spirit of St. Louis in May 1927
Charles Lindbergh
a series of dust storms caused by drought that caused thousands of farms in the Great Plains to fail during the Great Depression
The Dust Bowl
Name one of the New Deal programs and describe what it did
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) put hundreds of thousands of men to work constructing facilities in state and national parks
The Public Works Administration (PWA) carried a $3.3 billion grant to carry out public projects
The Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) paid farmers subsidies (financial assistance) to reduce the production of crops and the number of animals they raised; the goal was to bring supply down to increase price and thus benefit farmers, but in practice it resulted in waste at a time when many people were suffering from malnutrition
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) built dams along the Tennessee River in order to provide hydroelectric power and improve irrigation of local farms
The Works Progress Administration (WPA) used $4.8 billion to fund more public works projects like hospitals, schools, airports, and playgrounds
people who made, sold, or transported illegal liquor
bootleggers
a plan designed by United States bankers to help Germany pay war reparations so the Allies could continue to pay their war debts to the U.S.
The Dawes Plan
New methods of buying products in the 1920s
credit, chain stores, mass media advertising
attempted to bolster American industry by passing massive tariffs on almost all imports, but it made the Depression much worse and spread its effects around the world as worldwide demand for goods plummeted
the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
prohibited banks from investing savings deposits in the stock market and established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to insure bank deposits and thus restore consumer confidence in the banking system
the Glass-Steagall Banking Act
In response to the New Deal, African-Americans in large numbers switched their political allegiance from which party to which party?
Republican to Democrat
a 1928 proclamation by 62 nations to condemn war as an option in international diplomacy
the Kellogg-Briand Pact
the African American literary and artistic movement that arose in the Harlem section of New York City in the 1920s
The Harlem Renaissance
Name two of the four "causes" of the Great Depression
depressed farm incomes, unequal wealth distribution, monetary policy, and decline in foreign trade
The New Deal fundamentally transformed what more than any other time in history besides the Civil War?
the role of American government in society
Writers like Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald became known as ____________________ because they criticized the materialism of the 1920s and did not fit in to mainstream society
"The Lost Generation"