New Deal
This New Deal program, established in 1935, provided pensions for the elderly, unemployment benefits, and aid to the disabled.
social security act
This term were young women in the 1920s who defied traditional societal norms by embracing a more independent and modern lifestyle. They were known for their bold fashion choices, such as short skirts, bobbed hair, and makeup, as well as their rebellious behaviors, including dancing to jazz music, smoking, drinking, and challenging conventional gender roles
flappers
This prominent African American educator and leader, founder of the Tuskegee Institute, advocated for vocational training and economic self-sufficiency for Black Americans, emphasizing gradual progress through hard work and education.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
This cultural, artistic, and intellectual movement, which took place during the 1920s, centered in New York City, celebrated African American culture and challenged racial stereotypes.
harlem Renn
This 1863 executive order by President Abraham Lincoln freed slaves in Confederate states still in rebellion.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
This New Deal program focused on large-scale public infrastructure projects, such as roads, bridges, and schools, to create jobs and boost the economy.
Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
This term refers to periods of intense fear and suspicion of communism and radical leftist ideologies in the United States, particularly after World War I (1919-1920) and during the Cold War (1947-1957). It led to government crackdowns on suspected communists, socialist organizations, and labor activists.
red scare
This scholar and co-founder of the NAACP argued for immediate political and social equality for African Americans, advocating for higher education and the "Talented Tenth" to lead the way.
Who is W.E.B. Du Bois?
This event, declared by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, temporarily closed all banks to prevent further financial instability and allow for reforms to restore public confidence.
bank holiday
This battle, fought in 1863, is considered a turning point in the Civil War due to the Union’s victory and the Confederate forces' retreat.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg?
This New Deal program provided jobs for young men to work on environmental conservation projects, such as planting trees and building national parks.
civilian conservation corps
This term refers to the process of disbanding or reducing military forces after a war or conflict. It involves transitioning soldiers from active duty to civilian life, shutting down wartime industries, and reallocating resources for peacetime activities.
demobilization
This Jamaican-born leader founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and promoted Black nationalism, self-reliance, and the idea of a return to Africa for African Americans.
Marcus Garvey
This organization, founded in 1909, works to secure civil rights for African Americans and fight racial discrimination through legal challenges and public advocacy.
What is the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)?
This 1865 amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery throughout the United States.
13
This ambitious program built dams, provided electricity, and controlled flooding in the Tennessee Valley region.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)?
this term were a series of government-led raids conducted in 1919 and 1920 to arrest and deport suspected anarchists, communists, and radical leftists in the United States.
palmer raids
This president believed in a more hands-off, limited government approach, relying on volunteerism and local efforts to combat the economic downturn,
hoover
This 1925 trial, also known as the "Monkey Trial," centered around a teacher's challenge to a Tennessee law prohibiting the teaching of evolution in public schools.
scopes trial
This 1823 doctrine, articulated by President James Monroe, warned European powers against further colonization or interference in the Americas, asserting U.S. influence in the Western Hemisphere.
monroe doctrine
This 1933 act aimed to regulate industry, labor, and fair wages but was later ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
NIRA National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)?
This was a series of informal radio broadcasts given by President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944. These speeches were designed to directly communicate with the American people about major issues, such as the Great Depression and World War II. Roosevelt used a calm and reassuring tone to explain government policies and build public confidence.
fireside chats
This 1920s case involved two Italian immigrants who were controversially convicted of robbery and murder, leading to widespread protests about prejudice and injustice.
Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
Signed in 1928, this agreement aimed to outlaw war as a means of national policy, with 15 nations initially committing to it.
What is the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
This 1877 agreement marked the end of Reconstruction, where federal troops were withdrawn from the South in exchange for the election of Rutherford B. Hayes.
What is the Compromise of 1877?