Rock Cycle

The Basics

100

What are the 3 types of rocks?

Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic

200

What is the name for tiny pieces of rock, sand, pebbles, etc that compress together to form one kind of rock?

Sediment

300

What are the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal that is preserved in a rock?

A fossil

400

What is the name for the process of breaking down rocks?

Weathering

500

What is the study of rocks called?

Geology

Rock Cycle

100

When sediments are compacted and cemented, they turn into ____ rocks.

Sedimentary

200

When igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks undergo weathering and erosion, they turn into ____.

Sediments

300

Heat and pressure turn sedimentary rocks into ____ rocks.

Metamorphic

400

When metamorphic and igneous rocks melt, they turn into _____.

Magma

500

____ rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from the change that occurs due to intense heat and pressure.

Metamorphic

Rock Cycle 2

100

This process is where new minerals stick sediments together to form sedimentary rocks.

cementation

200

Which type of rock is formed by the cooling of lava?

Igneous

300

Lava is molten rock found above the earth's surface. What do you call the molten rock found BELOW the earth's surface?

magma

400

Generally, _____ rocks are fairly soft and may break apart or crumble easily.

Sedimentary

500

This process squashes sediment together more tightly to form sedimentary rocks

compaction

Human Impact

100

What is deforestation?

Bonus 100 points: What does deforestation cause?

The removal of trees and other vegetation.

Bonus: Increased soil erosion

200

How are rainwater and urbanization related?

There is more concrete and aspahlt, so rainwater runs off these hard surfaces. The rainwater goes into storm drains instead of soaking into the ground.

Bonus 50 points: This can increase erosion of nearby soils.

300

 List the five different types of land use.

Recreational, transport, agricultural, residential, and  commercial/ industrial.

400

What are two factors that can lead to desertification?

Deforestation and urbanization

500

Explain the connections between residential land use and urbanization.

People moving from rural areas to urban areas. 

Weathering/ Erosion

100

The process of moving weathered bits of rock to a different location

erosion

200

Weathering and erosion turns metamorphic rocks into ___.

sediments

300

What are the types of physical weathering?

Pressure change, animal action, plant growth, wind, water, and gravity.

400

What are the types of chemical weathering?

Oxygen, acid precipitation, groundwater, acids in living things.

500

Give one example of slow mass movement and two examples of rapid mass movement.

Bonus 50: Describe the difference between slow and rapid mass movement.

Slow: creep

Rapid: Rockfall, landslide, or mudslide

Bonus: Slow mass movement is the slow travel of rocks and soil downslope. Rapid mass movements tend to occur on steep slopes from gravity, water....