Igneous
This is molten rock found below the earth's surface.
What is magma?
tiny pieces of rock, sand, shells, etc. is called what
What is sediment?
Formation of Igneous Rock
Magma, the molten rock present deep inside the earth, solidifies due to cooling and crystallizes to form a type of rock called igneous rocks. Cooling of igneous rocks can occur slowly beneath the surface of the earth or rapidly at its surface.
the series of processes by which rock changes from one type to another
the rock cycle
the process by which rock is broken down by water, wind, ice, and changes in temperature.
Weathering
This is molten rock found above the earth's surface.
What is lava?
When sediments go under compacting and cementing processes they become___________
What is sedimentary rocks.
Formation of Sedimentary Rock
Due to weathering and erosional activities, the igneous rocks are broken down to form sediments in the form of gravel, sand, silt, and clay, which gets mixed and pressed together for extended periods to form sedimentary rocks.
three types of rocks that are part of the rock cycle
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
erosion
the process by which sediment is moved from one place to another.
Igneous rocks are categorized as _________ or _________, depending on where the molten rock cooled.
What are extrusive and intrusive.
Metamorphic rocks form through 2 things:
Intense heat and pressure
Formation of Metamorphic Rocks
Over a very long period of time, sedimentary and igneous rocks end up being buried deep underground the soil, usually because of the movement of tectonic plates. Deep below the surface, these rocks are exposed to high heat and pressure, which change them into a different type of rock called metamorphic rock.
What are the processes that change the rock from one form to another form?
Crystallization, cooling, weathering, erosion, and metamorphism
when sediment comes to rest or is dropped in a place.
deposition
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is molten rock within the earth, and lava is molten rock on the earth’s surface.
how can a metamorphic rock can change into a sedimentary rock?
Erosion- those sediments are carried to another place and then deposited
Weathering
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks present on the surface of the earth are constantly being broken down by wind and water over a long time.
Why is the Rock Cycle Important?
Forming life-sustaining minerals such as sodium, iron, potassium, and calcium into the biosphere
Forming the energy reserves of the earth like fossil fuels and radioactive sources
Providing the building materials used to build structures such as iron, limestone, marble, granite, and basalt
the rising of regions of the crust to higher elevations, increasing the rate of erosion.
uplift
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive?
intrusive igneous rock- when magma cools beneath Earth’s surface
extrusive igneous rock- when lava cools on Earth’s surface
What is usually found in sedimentary rocks that can preserve plants and animal remains?
Fossils
Transportation-Erosion
Carrying away of broken rocks by rain, streams, rivers, and oceans to a distant place from their origin.
Last step of rock cycle- Deposition
During the carriage of rocks by rivers, the rock particles (mixed with soil) sink and become a layer of sediment. Often the sediments build up and form small accumulations, which over time and pressure turn into sedimentary rock.
the sinking of regions of the crust to lower elevations, producing basins where sediment is deposited.
subsidence