Layers
The three main layers of Earth.
Crust, Mantle, and Core
The layer of molten metal surrounding the inner core.
Outer Core
True or False: To describe a rock sample geologists observe these 3 components- a rock's mineral composition, color, and texture.
True
Rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens.
Igneous Rock
The series of processes that change one rock type into another.
Rock Cycle
The layer that includes both dry land and ocean floor.
Crust
These waves produced by earthquakes help scientists study Earth’s interior.
seismic waves
A naturally occurring solid with a definite chemical composition and crystal structure.
mineral
Rock formed when small particles of rock or plant and animal remains are pressed and cemented together.
Sedimentary Rock
During the rock cycle, this process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces
The layer made mostly of hot rock containing magnesium and iron.
Mantle
Why do scientists study how seismic waves travel through Earth?
To learn about the structure and materials inside Earth.
The process by which atoms are arranged to form a solid with a repeating pattern
Crystallization
Rock formed when an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure
Metamorphic
A mountain that forms when molten material from beneath Earth’s surface reaches the crust and erupts.
Volcano
The dense, metallic center of Earth made mostly of iron and nickel.
Core
Pressure increases inside Earth because of this
Weight of rocks
A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again.
Crystal
Loose fragments of rock, mineral grains, or remains of living things that can build up and form layers of new rock
Sediments
List 2 things that shifts in plate tectonics can cause
Volcanoes, Mountains, Tsunamis, Earthquakes
The rigid outer layer that includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle.
Lithosphere
Heat from the core and mantle causes material to change density, rise when warm, and sink when cool. What is this called?
The hardest mineral on Earth, formed under extreme heat and pressure.
Diamond
The creation of smaller pieces of rock through physical or chemical means
weathering
Which layer is responsible for generating earths magnetic field
Outer Core