Fossils
Relative Age
Geologic Time Scale
W.E.D
Rock Cycle
100
You would expect this layer to contain the simplest (least complex) fossils.
Layer 1
100
What is needed for the formation of metamorphic rocks?
heat & pressure
100
How are igneous rocks formed?
Cooling of magma or lava
100
What is the process that breaks down rock?
a. erosion
b. weathering
c. deposition
b. Weathering
100
Rocks are classified as sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous on the basis of ___________
The way the rocks are formed
200
Paleontologist know that the dashed rock layer is the same age at both Outcrop 1 & 2 because of this.
They have the same fossils present at both layers
200
What type of rock feature is layer D?
Intrusion
200
If lava exits the Earth and cools above ground, what kind of igneous rock is formed.
Extrusive Igneous Rock
200
This process moves rock particles by wind, water, and ice.
What is erosion?
200
True or False
Any rock can change and become any other type of rock
True
300
These two fossils would make good index fossils.
Trilobites & Ammonites
300
True or False
Metamorphic rock can become a different type of metamorphic rock.
True
300
What is the starting point for igneous rocks?
a. sediments
b. magma
c. minerals
b. magma
300
This sandstone erosional feature was formed near the Grand Canyon. What erosional agent is most likely sandblasting this rock formation?
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a. waves
b. ice
c. wind
c. wind
300
What part of the water cycle would you have erosion taking place?
Run off
400
Which of the following processes must happen to sediments for the creation of sedimentary rock? Pick 2
crystallization, hardening, cementation, melting, compaction, weathering
Compaction & Cementation
400
If a rock has wavy or distorted layers like the image below, it is most likely what type of rock?
Metamorphic Rock
400
Scientist discovered a crater near the Yucatan peninsula. This crater is believed by scientist to have formed due to the impact of a giant asteroid that struck earth more than 65 million years ago. How could this catastrophic event have effected the Earth's environment at that time?
It caused a mass extinction of most life forms at that time
400
This diagram shows a natural process that weathers rock. What type of weathering would this be?
Mechanical (Physical) Weathering
400
What is the stage where fossils are formed?
When sediments turn into sedimentary rock
500
List the 5 steps of the formation of sedimentary rock in order starting with weathering.
1. weathering
2. erosion
3. deposition
4. compaction
5. cementation
500
How can metamorphic rock from a mountain become sedimentary rock?
Water would cause weathering to break to rock into small pieces (sediments). Erosion would move these sediments to the ocean where they can be compacted to form sedimentary rock.
500
How can igneous rock become a different type of igneous rock?
By melting to magma then cooling to igneous rock
500
What's the difference between the processes that formed these two caves?
The underground cave has been formed due to chemical weathering while the sea cave was formed due to the weathering of the rocks by waves.
500
Correctly list the steps of an INDIRECT way igneous rock can become metamorphic rock?
Igneous rock goes through weathering and erosion to become sedimentary rock. Then sedimentary rock goes through intense heat and/or pressure to become metamorphic rock.