Rock Types
Processes
Formation
Pathways
Misc.
100
What are the three classes of rocks?
What are the three classes of rocks? Answer: Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic
100
Follow the arrow from sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock. What process is necessary to change a sedimentary rock to a metamorphic rock?
Heat and/or pressure
100
How is magma formed?
From melting rock
100
Can an igneous rock become another igneous rock? If so, how?
Yes, by melting again and then crystallization.
100
What is the role of uplift in the rock cycle?
It exposes rocks to the surface, allowing weathering and erosion.
200
What type of rock is formed from 1. crystalized magma and 2. crystalized lava?
1. Intrusive Igneous Rock
2. Extrusive Igneous Rock
200
How does magma become igneous rock?
Crystallization
200
How do sediments become sedimentary rock?
Deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation
200
What is one way a sedimentary rock can indirectly become an igneous rock?
By becoming a metamorphic rock first
200
What is compaction?
The process of pressing sediments together under their own weight.
300
Which type of rock is typically formed from layers of sediment compressed together?
Sedimentary Rock
300
How are sediments formed?
Weathering
300
What is the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Weathering
300
Which process cannot happen?
a. Igneous rock-> heat and or pressure-> metamorphic rock
b. Igneous rock-> weathering/erosion->deposition->burial, compaction->deposition->cementation->sedimentary rock
c. Metamorphic rock->melting-> crystallization->igneous rock
d. Sedimentary rock->melting-> crystallization->metamorphic rock
d. Sedimentary rock->melting-> crystallization->metamorphic rock
300
What happens during cementation?
Compacted layers, fuse together.
400
What type of rock forms under extreme heat and pressure?
Metamorphic Rock
400
What process turns igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat and/or pressure, deformation
400
Which process is essential for the formation of metamorphic rocks but not for sedimentary rocks?
Heat, Deformation
400
What is the sequence of processes that change magma into sedimentary rock?
Solidification to igneous rock, then weathering and erosion, followed by deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation
400
What is the difference between deposition and deformation?
Deposition: sediments layering in a new location after weathering and erosion.
Deformation: matter is restructured by heat and pressure deep in the earth's crust.
500
Name a sedimentary rock mentioned in your notes or class activities
sandstone, conglomerate, limestone
500
How does igneous rock become sedimentary rock?
Weathering and erosion, followed by deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation
500
Describe how metamorphic rocks can become igneous rocks.
By melting to magma, then crystallization
500
Describe a path in the rock cycle that involves all three rock types.
Sedimentary rock can transform into metamorphic rock through heat and pressure, then melt into magma and crystalize into igneous rock.
500
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface; lava is molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth's surface.