Minerals
What are minerals characteristics?
Minerals have a definite chemical composition, a crystal structure, are naturally occurring, and are always solid.
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks are formed when lava cools either above or below the surface.
What are the first two steps in sedimentary rock?
Weathering and erosion and transportation.
How is a metamorphic rock formed?
By magma cooling under the earth then rising up.
How do convection currents drive the rock cycle?
They move the tectonic plates.
What are a minerals varying properties?
Streak, luster, color, density, cleavage and fracture, crystal structure, hardness, and maybe a special property.
What is an extrusive and intrusive igneous rock?
An igneous rock that cooled above the surface and an igneous rock that cooled below the surface.
What are the last three steps of sedimentary rock?
Deposition, compaction, and cementation.
What is a non-foliated metamorphic rock?
A metamorphic rock without layers or bands.
What are the three ways minerals can form?
The four ways are magmatic where minerals are crystallized from melt, sedimentary where minerals are the result of sedimentation, and metamorphic, in which new minerals form at the expense of earlier ones.
What happens when lava cools quickly to form igneous rock?
The newly formed igneous rock will have small crystals.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
They are formed by sediments being transported then deposited then compacted and cemented.
What is a foliated metamorphic rock?
A metamorphic rock that has layers or bands.
How do you test for these mineral properties, streak, luster, color, and hardness?
The way to test for streak is to get a porcelain plate and scrape the mineral against it, to test for color, identify the color of the mineral, for luster shine a light on it and identify the luster, for hardness scratch it against things on the Moh's hardness scale until you can pin the harness of the mineral.
What happens if lava cools slowly and forms an igneous rock?
The igneous rock would have large crystals.
Is sandstone a sedimentary rock?
Yes.
What is an example of a non foliated metamorphic rock?
Marble.
How do you test for the four mineral properties, cleavage and fracture, special properties, density, and crystal structure?
To test cleavage and fracture hit the mineral against a flat surface to see the way it breaks, for special properties test all of them to identify if it has one or not, for crystal structure see how many sides it has and the angles at which they meet, finally for density divide the mass by the volume.
Which one of these is an igneous rock, marble or granite?
Out of the two rocks granite is the igneous rock.
Is limestone a sedimentary rock?
Yes.
What is an example of a foliated metamorphic rock?
Gneiss