Igneous Rocks
What is an example of a coarse-grained igneous rock?
Granite
What type of sedimentary rock is made up of sand particles?
Sandstone
What is a common characteristic of metamorphic rocks?
They often show foliation or banding.
What does "coarse-grained" mean in terms of rocks?
It has large, visible crystals.
What are the three main types of rock formation?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Which igneous rock is typically dark and fine-grained?
Basalt
What is limestone primarily composed of?
Calcite
What type of metamorphic rock is formed from shale?
Slate
What is a defining feature of fine-grained rocks?
They have small or no visible crystals.
How do sedimentary rocks form?
They form from the consolidation of sediments.
What type of igneous rock forms from lava that cools quickly?
Extrusive rock.
How do conglomerate rocks form?
From the cementation of rounded fragments.
Name a non-foliated metamorphic rock.
Marble
How can you identify a foliated rock?
By its layered or banded appearance.
Describe the process of weathering in rock formation.
It involves breaking down rocks into smaller particles through physical or chemical means.
What is pumice known for?
Its light, porous texture due to trapped gas bubbles.
What process leads to the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Your options:
-transportation, compaction, cementation, weathering, erosion, deposition.
Compaction and cementation
How do metamorphic rocks typically form?
Through heat and pressure over time.
What kind of texture do extrusive igneous rocks usually have?
Fine-grained or glassy texture.
What is the role of pressure in metamorphic rock formation?
It causes the minerals in the rock to realign and change structure.
Describe how granite forms.
It forms from slow cooling of magma beneath the Earth's surface.
Give an example of a sedimentary rock that can contain fossils.
Limestone or shale.
What is schist known for?
Its visible crystals and foliation.
Explain what makes a rock mafic.
It contains high levels of magnesium and iron.
How does magma become igneous rock?
It cools and solidifies either underground (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive).