Igneous Rocks
By what process do igneous rocks for?
Cooling of magma/lava
crystallization
Detrital sedimentary rock types are made from:
The pieces of other rocks.
What do we call the process by which sedimentary rocks form?
Lithification
Where do metamorphic rocks form?
Deep beneath the earth's crust
Around which ocean basin can most active volcanoes be found?
Pacific Ocean
This actor's nickname is simply "The Rock"
Dwayne Johnson
An igneous rocks that forms under the surface would be considered:
An igneous rock that forms above the surface would be considered:Intrusive
ExtrusiveWhat two processes create and transport sediment?
Weathering and erosion
What unique material do biochemical rocks contain?
The remains of once living organisms
What two forces create metamorphic rocks?
Heat and pressure
Name 2 additional hazards of volcanoes other than lava flows, pyroclastic flows, and lahars.
Ash
Tsunamis
Toxic Gases
Legendary singer Johnny Cash's most famous song contains the name of this volcanically active region:
Ring of Fire
By what 3 characteristics do we classify igneous rocks?
Origin
Chemical Composition
Texture (Crystal Size)
In what three ways can create sedimentary rock be created?
Compaction, cementation, precipitation
This is the process by which a chemical sedimentary rock is formed:
Precipitation
Which form of coal is technically not yet a rock because it has not been compacted enough?
Peat
Where does the water come from to form the volcanic hazard, lahars?
On what type of volcano do lahars typically pose the most danger?
Rain/Snow/Ice caps
Composite
Name of the volcano in The Lord of the Rings
Mount Doom
What are the 3 igneous classifications for chemical composition and what are the general descriptions for each classifciation?
Granitic (Felsic): High in silica, low in Fe and Mg
Andesitic (Intermediate): Med amount of silica with varying amounts of Fe and Mg
Basaltic (Mafic): Low in silica, high in Fe and Mg
This abundant chemical sedimentary rock is made of calcite, which is also oftentimes used as the "glue" of biochemical sedimentary rocks, like coquina:
Limestone
Coal is primarily made of what material?
Most coal formation occurs in what kind of environment?
Organic, decaying plant matter
Swamps/swamp-like
Which form of coal is technically a metamorphic rock?
Anthracite (the final form)
What are the 2 reasons pyroclastic flows move so fast?
Force of gravity as it moves down the volcano
Low density of the hot gases that make up the flow
One of the most famous scenes in this adventure series involves our hero escaping a giant rolling boulder:
Indiana Jones
This igenous rock is granitic, glassy, and vesicular.
Pumice
Name the 4 sediment types from smallest to largest
Clay, silt, sand, gravel
This detrital sedimentary rock has large, angular pieces that often have rough/sharp corners
Breccia
When a metamorphic rock has layers, bands, or striped patterns within its body, this means that __________ was the dominant force during formation.
When a metamorphic rock does not have layered or banded structures, this means that _________ was the dominant force during formation.
Pressure; Heat
You are watching a volcanic eruption and make the following observations: mildly explosive, low viscosity lava, low elevation crater with sides that are not very steep.
What type of volcano is this?
What type of magma/lava is this?
Name a likely location you would see this volcano?
Basaltic
Ocean hotspot/island/near a rift (diverging plates)
The first rock-type Pokemon in a Pokedex is:
Geodude