Igneous Rocks
Igneous rock forms from this.
magma or lava
What are the 2 types of igneous rock?
Intrusive (below the surface) and Extrusive (above the surface)
Pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth's surface by wind, water, ice, gravity or chemical precipitation.
sediment
What are the two types of Metamorphic rocks we discussed?
Foliated (bands) and non-foliated (no bands)
These two things are needed to turn Igneous or sedimentary rocks into Metamorphic rocks.
extreme heat and pressure.
Fine grained igneous rocks that cool quickly on Earth's surface.
extrusive igneous rocks
This term is used to describe the texture of a rock with large crystals.
coarse grained
The process of in which sediments are laid down on the ground or sink to the bottom of bodies of water.
deposition
Metamorphic rocks are created due to these two things.
extreme heat and pressure.
Magma, through cooling and crystallization turns into this type of rock.
Igneous rocks
Magma that flows out onto Earth's surface.
lava
What does "sedimentary" mean?
sediment/layers
What processes transform sediments into Sedimentary rocks?
compaction and cementation
Wavy layers/bands of light and dark minerals within metamorphic rocks.
foliated
This must happen for Metamorphic rocks to become Igneous rocks.
What is melting, cooling and hardening.
Course grained igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath the Earth's surface.
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
This rock has vesicles, or holes, left behind as gasses escaped rapidly as lava cooled.
pumice which is an extrusive igneous rock.
What type of sedimentary rock would we find fossils in?
Organic sedimentary
Metamorphic rocks with fine grained, uniform, random crystals are classified as this.
non-foliated
This must happen for Igneous rocks to become Sedimentary rocks.
weathering and erosion to create sediment and then compaction and cementation to form the rock.
What does "igneous" mean?
Fire
Why do intrusive igneous rocks have EXTRA large crystals compared to extrusive igneous rocks?
They are below the surface and have time to grow the crystals. Water and air do not affect the cooling process like it does for an extrusive rock.
What are the 3 types of sedimentary rock?
1. chemical (Minerals dissolve and can change color) Ex: Grand Canyon
2. Organic (fossils)
3. Clastic (chunky with pebbles, shells, and large pieces of sediment)
What does metamorphic mean?
Change shape
Every type of rock can be changed into every other type of rock. The type of rock that forms depends on the conditions that affect the rock. This process is known as what?
The rock cycle.