Classifying Rocks
Name the 3 types of rocks.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Define igneous rocks.
Rocks that form when melted rock cools and hardens.
Define sedimentary rock.
Rocks that form when layers of materials and rock particles settle on top of each other and then harden.
Define metamorphic rock.
Rock formed inside Earth from other rocks under heat and pressure.
Define the rock cycle.
The process where rocks are constantly being formed and destroyed.
What is the type of rock that forms from magma or lava cooling?
Igneous rock.
Where does igneous rocks form?
Igneous rocks form deep inside Earth or from lava that hardens on Earth's surface.
________ from water may act like cement when sedimentary rocks are formed.
Minerals.
Does metamorphic rock form new minerals?
Yes.
The remains of ______ can be part of the rock cycle.
Organisms.
The small units that make up a rock and its texture are called ________.
Grains.
What are examples of igneous rock?
Basalt and granite.
What are examples of sedimentary rock?
Sandstone and conglomerate.
What happens to rock particles when they are squeezed and heated to high temperature?
Solid rock particles form rough layers.
What type of rock can igneous rock become?
Sedimentary AND metamorphic.
Geologists study the ________, __________, and ________ of a rock in order to identify it.
Minerals in rock, color, and texture.
Name the rock formed when when lava is quickly cooled by air at the surface.
Pumice
How is sandstone formed?
When layers of sand are buried and put under pressure.
What can happen to rock particles after they are squeezed at lower pressure?
Fine, thin layers are formed.
When metamorphic rock wears away it turns to ______.
Soil.
BONUS: Name 3 things rocks are used for.
Statues, building materials, cleaning and polishing.
How does granite form?
When magma slowly cools underground.
How is conglomerate rock formed?
When large, rounded particles that have been pressed together.
BONUS: Name 2 types of metamorphic rocks.
Slate and Gneiss.
When igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic are melted what do they turn into?
Magma.