all of the rocks
The three major groups of rocks
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
What causes the rock cycle?
what instrument do geologists use to determine the chemical composition of rocks?
microscopes
Why don't you usually find fossils in metamorphic or lava rock?
the heat would destroy them
What is texture
the look and feel of a rock
weathered, eroded, deposited, compacted, cemented
what drives the rock cycle?
tectonic plate movements
what do algae on reefs do?
they provide food for coral animals
How does coal form?
compaction of plant material
This type of rock forms from rock fragments compacted and cemented together
clastic rock
What environments do sedimentary rocks usually form in?
shallow water environments
How do clastic sedimentary rocks form?
compaction and cementation of sediments
Igneous rock that cools slowly deep underground forms ____ crystals and ____ grain
large/course
what is the difference between organic and chemical rock?
organic rock is made from once living things, chemical rock is from dissolved minerals
What is the difference between foliated and non-foliated bands?
foliated is being layered or in parallel, non foliated is not layered
limestone rock
How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?
crystallization of dissolved minerals when the water evaporates away
Igneous rocks that form from fast cooling near Earth's surface have ___ crystals and ____ grain
small/fine
what is the difference between extrusive and intrusive rock?
extrusive forms on earth's surface, intrusive forms inside the earth
the process that presses sediment together
compaction
How do metamorphic rocks form?
heat and pressure underground can change any rock into metamorphic rock
What rocks are usually denser and more compact that the rock they formed from?
metamorphic rock
In what type of rock do you normally find fossils?
limestone
Large crystals on a background of smaller crystals is ______
porphyritic texture
moving sediment by wind or water
erosion