Chapter Overview
The name of a scientist who classifies and studies rocks
Petrologist
A type of rock so smooth and shiny that it is called volcanic glass
Many young-Earth Geologists think that the basement rocks created on the third day of creation were these rocks
Igneous Rocks
The individual rock particles, crystals, and sometimes fossils that combine to give a rock its texture
Grains
The ways we can classify and identify rocks
Size, Shape, and Pattern of grains
A rock that has undergone change due to heat or pressure
Metamorphic
This is the rock that forms when limestone changes in metamorphism (the metamorphic rock it changes into)
Marble
In the old-Earth version of the rock cycle, this is what all rocks will eventually do
Return to the mantle and melt
Fossils are usually found in this kind of rock
Sedimentary
The three conditions that cause metamorphism
Heat, Pressure, and Hydrothermal Fluids
A rock that is formed when molten rock cools and hardens
Igneous
This rock from the chapter is light enough to float on water
Pumice
This is the geologic event that the widespread existence of sedimentary rocks testifies
A worldwide flood
These kind of metamorphic rocks contain crystals in bands or layers
Foliated
The step that comes between Deposition and Cementation in the formation of sedimentary rock
Compaction
The rock type that is most closely tied to erosion
Sedimentary
Contains the largest crystals, usually interlocking
Pegmatite
Double UP
Implies that earth's matter can change in form, but not in mass
Law of Conservation of Matter
When hydrothermal fluids cause changes to occur in rocks that they are in contact with, this is the type of metamorphism that has occured
Chemical Metamorphism
Rocks that form from minerals precipitated from water
Nonclastic sedimentary rocks
Double UP
These are fragments of rocks that fuse together to form a larger rock
Clasts
Deposits of halite that penetrate vertically through rock strata
Salt Domes
When old-Earth geologists believe that sedimentary rocks formed
Millions of years ago
This describes rocks that have crystals so small that you can't see them
Aphanitic
An organic sedimentary rock that is formed from the remains of living organisms
Chalk