Igneous
Magma cools slowly and large crystals take more time to form.
What is "intrusive/plutonic igneous rock"?
Grains of sand composed of quartz and feldspar are compacted and cemented together.
What is "sandstone"?
What is "foliation"?
Wearing down of rock sufaces by mineral and rock grains in transport.
What is "abrasion"?
The porous characteristic of pumice is due to the trapped gas bubbles during the rapid cooling of lava.
What is "vesicle"?
The Perce Rock in Quebec features approximately 150 different fossilized species of flora and fauna.
What is "limestone"?
A shale becomes aphanitic and striped in appearance when subjected to a low-grade regional metamorphism.
What is "slate"?
Contrary to the popular game of Minecraft, obsidian is relatively fragile than granite as it formed in a cooler environment at a faster rate.
What is "extrusive/volcanic rock"?
Rock salt, the purest form of salt, is formed when a large volume of sea water or salty lake evaporates. Halite deposits could also be found in areas with arid/dry climates with a lack of water and sparse vegetation.
What is "evaporite"?
The environment of this rock is intense enough for clay and feldspar to metamorphose into visible platy mica.
What is "schist"?
Weathering process where water seeps into cracks, freezes and expands, gradually wedging open cracks until the rock breaks
What is "freeze-thaw"?
Aphanitic, usually pink or gray in color, and has a viscous lava due to its high silica content.
What is "rhyolite"?
Breccia is distinguished for its large angular fragments (> 2 mm) and matrix of smaller particles over its composition of minerals.
What is "clastic rock"?
A highly carbonated fossil fuel that generates the highest heat of all available fossil fuels. Its 98% carbon makes it a clean-burning fuel, producing little to no smoke. Additionally, as it is the oldest and highest form of coal, it is subjected to 350 million years of heat and pressure.
What is "anthracite coal"?
Weathering process where acidic rain water slowly reacts with many common rock-forming minerals to form clay and dissolved salts
What is "hydrolysis"?
Named after the goddess of fire of Hawaii, Pele, Pele’s Tears are jet-black and delicate volcanic glass droplets that formed when ejected magma from the eruption of Kilauea rapidly cooled.
What is "pyroclast"?
A marine mollusk with a coiled shell that went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous Period, 66 years ago. They are used as index fossils that tell us about the age of the rocks they are preserved in (relative to other rock layers) and help in defining geologic time. Most fossil-bearing rocks formed in the ocean, thus major index fossils are marine organisms, including this distinctive and abundant marine fossil.
What is "ammonite"?
This type of marble has been one of the world’s finest marble varieties since ancient times. It was used in the construction of the Acropolis and the temple of Zeus in Olympia, as well as the Venus de Milo (Milos) and Nike of Samothrace (Samothrace). Additionally, it is estimated that 70% of the sculptures excavated in the Aegean Islands are carved out of this marble. It is highly prized for its fine quality and historical significance. It is non-foliated, light in color, and smooth to the touch that makes it a popular choice for many high-end sculptural works throughout history.
What is "Parian marble"?
A boundary where one set of rock layers cuts across another, representing a "gap" in geological time when rocks were worn away