Earth's Structure
What is the name of the Earth’s outermost layer?
The crust.
Give an example of a landform
mountains, valleys, and beaches.
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic.
What is the name of the layers in sedimentary rocks?
Strata
What is the largest mammal on Earth?
The blue whale.
Which layer of the Earth is made of molten iron and nickel and creates Earth’s magnetic field?
The outer core.
What is weathering?
The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces.
What type of rock forms when magma or lava cools and solidifies?
Igneous rock.
What is the process called when sediments are pressed together to form rock
Compaction
What is the only food that never goes bad?
Honey
In convection currents, hot rocks __________ and then __________ as they cool down
Rise , sink
What is erosion?
The movement of rock and soil by agents such as water, wind, ice, or gravity.
Which type of rock often contains fossils?
Sedimentary rock.
Why are sedimentary rocks often layered?
Sediments are deposited over time, building up in layers.
Which planet is known as the “Red Planet”?
Mars
Compare the inner core and outer core in terms of state and composition.
Both are made of iron and nickel, but the outer core is liquid while the inner core is solid
What are the three types of weathering
biological, chemical, physical
What is the difference between magma and lava
Magma is molten rock under the crust, lava is when it reachers the surface
What is cementation in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
When dissolved minerals act like glue, binding sediments together.
What is the only fruit that has its seeds on the outside?
Strawberry
The temperature of earth's inner core is...
About 5500 degrees (anywhere from 5000-6000 is acceptable)
How can human activity increase the rate of erosion?
Deforestation, farming, construction, and mining remove vegetation and loosen soil, making erosion faster.
Which processes can turn igneous rock into sedimentary rock?
Weathering and erosion, then deposition, compaction, and cementation.
Why do fossils usually form in sedimentary rocks but not in igneous or metamorphic rocks?
Because the lower heat and pressure of sedimentary rock formation preserve remains, while igneous and metamorphic processes would destroy them.
How many sides does a stop sign have?
8