Igneous Rocks
This can cool and harden and form igneous rock.
Magma or lava
These are little pieces of rocks, pebbles, mineral grains, and shell fragments that eventually form rocks.
Sediments
Why isn't lake water a mineral?
It is not a solid (it's a liquid!)
What must all metamorphic rocks come from?
Other rocks
What are the three main families of rock?
Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
This kind of igneous rock has large, visible crystals
Intrusive / plutonic igneous rock
These are two ways that sediments are formed.
Weathering and erosion
Why isn't coal a mineral?
It is not inorganic (made of plants), no fixed formula, no specific atomic arrangement
Heat and pressure
This type of rock is light colored and full of feldspar and silica
Felsic
This type of igneous rock forms when lava cools on the Earth's surface.
Extrusive / volcanic igneous rock
This type of sedimentary rock fizzes under HCl
Limestone
Why isn't synthetic diamond a mineral?
Not naturally-occurring (man-made)
How do we classify metamorphic rocks?
Foliated and non-foliated
Name a clastic sedimentary rock
Conglomerate, sandstone, shale, mudstone, siltstone, etc.
This type of igneous rock is black with a glassy texture. We looked at it in class.
Obsidian
For sediments to become sedimentary rock, what needs to happen?
Compaction and cementation (lithification)
What do we call a mineral that we can extract a valuable resource from?
Ore
This type of metamorphism happens over large areas, like during mountain building
Regional metamorphism
The hardest mineral
Diamond
If an igneous rock is fine-grained, dark in color, and quite dense, what would we call it? (Felsic, mafic, extrusive, intrusive, etc.)
Mafic extrusive igneous rock. (Probably basalt)
What can sedimentary rocks contain that other rock types generally don't?
Fossils
Is salt a mineral? Why or why not?
Yes. Solid, Naturally-occurring, Inorganic, Fixed chemical formula (NaCl), Fixed atomic structure
Magma intrudes into pre-existing rock
Are mineral resources renewable or non-renewable?
Non-renewable (rocks don't grow back)