Earth's Layers
The _____________ is the outermost layer of the Earth.
crust
The _____________ is the thickest layer of the Earth and is 1,800 miles thick.
mantle
Minerals can be found on the Earth’s mantle, _______________, or surface.
crust
A _____________ is an example of a crystal
snowflake
When liquid rock is under ground, it is called what?
magman
Molten rock is rock that is so hot it _____________ and can flow.
melts
There is a lot of _____________ and pressure in the inner core.
heat
Each mineral has its own special color, luster, _______________, and streak.
hardness
The shape of a crystal is called its _____________.
habit
What type of rock is formed when liquid rock cools?
Igneous rock
Together, the inner and outer core are about the size of which planet?
Mars
Meteorites often contain bits of nickel and _____________. Scientists believe they are pieces of other planets that exploded.
iron
Pencils have _______________ in them. This is a soft mineral that breaks off when you write with it.
graphite
What is a common confusion people have about crystals?
They are not gemstones
What can act like glue and stick pieces of sediment together?
chemicals
Scientists can’t get to the center of the Earth. How do they investigate the Earth’s structure?
seismic and magnetic waves
The mantle moves slowly. Because of this slow movement, what can occur?
earthquakes
_____________ is one of the softest minerals. People use it when drawing with chalk.
talc
Why do many people use quarts in their kitchens?
It is so hard, it doesn't damage from hot pots and sharp knives.
Metamorphic rocks are made from two extreme changes. What are they?
heat and pressure
What are some minerals that are not harmful to ingest?
salt and fluorite
Sediment rocks are made from what?
broken down sand, rocks, minerals, and fossils