Rocks and Minerals
What is a Rock?
is a solid material formed by nature that is made of minerals
What are the three types of rocks?
igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary.
What is the Rock Cycle?
is used to describe how rocks are formed, how they break apart, and how they reform into other rocks
What is a physical property?
A physical property is something that can be observed using our five senses.
What is Mining?
Rocks and minerals are extracted from the earth through a process
What is a Mineral?
is created by nature and forms the earth’s rocks, and soils
describes rocks that have formed through the cooling and hardening of lava and magma
Can any rock in the rock cycle become another type of rock?
Yes:
Igneous can become Sedimentary/Metamorphic
Sedimentary can become Igneous/Metamorphic
Metamorphic can become Sedimentary/Igneous
What is Magnetism?
What is Hardness?
Magnetism: is a force that attracts or repels objects that have a magnetic material within.
Hardness: is a measure of how resistant a material is to scratching.
What are Fossils?
are the preserved remains of plants and animals that were once living on Earth.
Where are Rocks found?
Rocks are found everywhere around us
What are Metamorphic Rocks?
describes rocks that are formed when other rocks are exposed to high temperature and pressure
What did the chocolate rock experiment tell you about the rock cycle?
Answers may vary
What is Lustre?
What is Transparency?
Lustre: describes how light interacts with the surface of an object
Transparency: is the property of allowing light to pass through something
Rocks and minerals are used everywhere in our daily lives.
Name four examples that we discussed in class of rocks and minerals we use everyday
Concrete, aluminum, clay, and salt
How are minerals similar to rocks?
How are they different?
Minerals and Rocks are both found in nature
Rocks are made from minerals, minerals are created by nature
What are Sedimentary Rocks?
describes rocks that are made when sand, mud and pebbles get compressed in layers. These layers eventually turn to rock.
What does the Rock Cycle show?
The rock cycle shows how each rock type (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic) can change into a different type through cooling, melting, heat, weathering/erosion, compacting, and pressure.
What is the streak test?
What is the scratch test?
Streak Test: Streak is determined by rubbing a mineral against a streak plate. Streak plates are usually made out of a type of tile. Non-metallic metals usually leave a white streak.
Scratch Test: scratching a mineral/rock to see how hard or soft it is.
What are the three types of mining?
Surface mining (earth's surface)
Underground mining (in mines)
Panning (near rivers)
How are Minerals formed?
Minerals can be formed when mineral solutions evaporate.
Minerals can form when molten rock cools.
Minerals can also form from pressure near the earth's core.
Give an example of an Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary Rock
Igneous- Basalt
Metamorphic- Marble
Sedimentary- Limestone
What are the different ways that rocks are changed in the rock cycle?
cooling, melting, heat, weathering/erosion, compacting, and pressure
What are five physical properties we have discussed in class?
Magnetism
Transparency
Hardness
Lustre
Colour
What is Paleontology?
Paleontology is the study of the history of the earth based on fossils.