Minerals
What are the softest and hardest minerals?
Talc and Diamond
What is an example of a sedimentary rock?
Examples: Sandstone, Flint, Breccia, Conglomerate, Limestone
What is an example of an igneous rock?
What is an example of a metamorphic rock?
Examples: Gneiss, Slate, Quartzite, Marble, Tiger Eye
What is the rock cycle?
A continuous process of rocks forming and changing.
What mineral is magnetic?
Magnetite
What makes up sediment?
Bits of rock, sand and minerals
Where on earth are igneous rocks formed?
Above ground and below ground; near volcanoes.
Heat
When a rock forms in layers, where is the oldest layer located?
The bottom layer.
How do you know if a mineral has cleavage or fracture?
Cleavage is when a mineral breaks in a sharp line and fracture is when a mineral breaks in a jagged line.
How does weathering occur?
Water and wind are the two main causes.
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rocks?
Intrusive forms INSIDE the earth and extrusive forms OUTSIDE the earth.
What does it mean when a rock is crystallized?
Chemical formula; forms crystals
How does a sedimentary rock turn into an igneous rock?
Through melting and cooling.
How do geologists measure the hardness of a mineral?
Mohs Scale of Hardness
When does magma become lava?
When the magma reaches the surface of the earth, it becomes lava.
What is contact metamorphism?
Hot magma moves into a rock.
How does an igneous rock turn into a metamorphic rock?
Through heat and pressure.
What were the characteristics we used to determine what mineral we were observing? (Hint: There are 6 characteristics)
Hardness, Luster, Color, Streak, Cleavage, Fracture
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Weathering and erosion break down rocks into sediment, which then goes through the process of compaction and cementation.
How are igneous rocks formed?
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Formed through heat and pressure.
Fill in the rock cycle diagram. It must be correct to get all points.
Answer will be given after cycle is filled out.