Show:
Rocks
Minerals
Vocabulary
Essential Questions
Misalliances
100
What is a rock made of.
Minerals
100
Will they always form crystals?
• minerals do not ALWAYS form nice crystals
100
what does streak mean?
the color of the fine powder of a mineral obtained by scratching or rubbing against a hard white surface and constituting an important distinguishing character.
100
Is coal a mineral?
no
200
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock cools and solidifies.
200
What are the 5 basic characteristics of all minerals?
• naturally occurring • inorganic • solid • crystal structure • definite chemical composition
200
what does fracture mean?
A crack or fault in a rock.
200
what are four ways that minerals are identified?
Color, Streak, Hardness, Cleavage
200
Name two ways in which minerals form on Earth.
• minerals form as magma or lava cool & harden to become rock • minerals "precipitate", or crystallize, out of solution in groundwater as well as in oceans & lakes
300
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rocks start forming when soil and other materials on the Earth’s surface are eroded and finally settle down, forming one layer of sediments.
300
what is a mineral?
a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic re-presentable by a chemical formula, usually androgenic, and has an ordered atomic structure.
300
what does luster mean?
refers to how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral.
300
how are rocks classified? name three ways.
Igneous rocks form from molten material called magma. Sedimentary rocks form from sediments deposited out of water or the air. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of other rocks through temperature and pressure induced changes in the minerals.
300
what is the rock cycle?
processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.
400
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
To metamorphose or simply to morph means ‘to change in form’. Metamorphic rocks are actually products of rocks that have undergone changes.
400
Name two ways in which minerals form on Earth.
• minerals form as magma or lava cool & harden to become rock • minerals "precipitate", or crystallize, out of solution in groundwater as well as in oceans & lakes
400
what is hardness?
A measure of the ease with which a smooth surface of a mineral can be scratched
400
what is compaction and cementation in rocks?
Rounded sediment grains bound together with crystalline calcite.
400
what is approximate hardness of the following: a fingernail, a copper penny, a steel nail or knife, and glass.2-2.5, 3-3.5, 5-5.5, 6-6.5.put the numbers with the word.
• fingernail- 2-2.5 • copper penny- 3-3.5 • steel nail or knife- 5-5.5 • glass- 6-6.5
500
How are metamorphic rocks change into sedimentary?
Through weathering and erosion.then deposition where they build up, layer on layer.then weight of the sediments above reduces the amount of space and water between particles.then cemented together.
500
List other special properties of minerals that can be used for identification and name a mineral in which that property is particularly useful.
• fluorescence - some minerals will glow in ultraviolet light • magnetism - magnetite • reactivity - calcite reacts chemically to acids • optical properties - a good calcite crystal will bend light through it & produce a double image
500
what does transparency mean?
can you see trough it
500
why are most metamorphic rocks created deep inside the earth?
because of the heating and presser in the earth
500
KNOW Moss hardness scale. Be able to use it to identify minerals.
• 1. Talc • 2. Gypsum • 3. Calcite • 4. Fluorite • 5. Apatite • 6. Feldspar • 7. Quartz • 8. Topaz • 9. Corundum • 10. Diamond