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Basic vocabulary
Igneous Rocks
Basic Knowledge
Metamorphic Rock
Sedimentary Rock
100
What is magma that makes it to the surface?
Lava
100
This type of rock is formed by the crystallization of molten magma (lava).
Igneous Rock
100
What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary
100
Metamorphism means “to ______ ______.”
Change Form
100
__________ sedimentary rocks are composed of weathered bits of rocks and minerals.
Clastic
200
____________ involves rock being broken apart by weather – freezing/thawing, weather, or wind.
Weathering
200
______________ igneous rocks are formed when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface. Larger crystals form due to slower cooling. Granite is an example.
Intrusive
200
Processes driven by ____ from the Earth’s interior are responsible for forming both igneous rock and metamorphic rock.
Heat
200
Most metamorphic changes occur at elevated _______________ and pressures.
Temperatures
200
Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified by ____________ size.
Particle
300
_________________is a process that squeezes, or compacts, sediments.
Compaction
300
Coarse-grained texture is caused by _____ cooling resulting in larger crystals.
Slow
300
Rocks are any _____ ______ of mineral or mineral-like matter occurring naturally as part of our planet.
Solid Mass
300
______________ metamorphism occurs when Magma moves into rock.
Contact
300
_________ sedimentary rocks form when dissolved substances precipitate, or separate from water.
Chemical
400
________________ takes place when dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among the sediments.
Cementation
400
A glassy texture is caused by very _____ cooling.
Rapid
400
In sedimentary rock the oldest layer is on the ________.
Bottom
400
Where does the most metamorphic rock form?
Deep below the Earth's surface
400
___________ indicate rocks were an old lake bed
Ripples
500
______________ occurs when an agent of erosion—water, wind, ice, or gravity—loses energy and drops sediments.
Deposition
500
Ultramafic composition rocks are made mostly from ____ and ____________-rich minerals.
Iron and Magnesium
500
Molten material that forms deep beneath the Earth’s surface.
Magma
500
______________ metamorphic rocks have a banded or layered appearance
Foliated
500
Common types of chemical sedimentary rock are limestone, microcrystalline quartz, evaporites such as salt, and ______.
Coal