Minerals
True or False? Ice from your fridge can be considered a mineral
FALSE
True or False? The streak colour of a mineral always matches its outer appearance/colour
FALSE, the streak may not always match the mineral's outer appearance/colour
True or False? Igneous comes from the Latin word ignis meaning fire.
TRUE
True or False? Sand is the smallest size of rock on the size scale.
FALSE, clay is the smallest size of rock on the size scale.
True or False? Metamorphic rocks are created from erosion
FALSE, metamorphic rocks are transformed by intense heat and/or pressure
An example of a mineral can be...
Gold, emerald, glaciers, iron, etc.
What is NOT the most reliable property to identify minerals by?
Colour
Lava is ...
Molten rock that has escaped the Earth's crust, normally through volcanoes
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rocks are formed due to intense pressure from sediment compressing together.
What is contact metamorphism?
When rocks change from intense heat
Minerals must always be in a _____ state?
(solid or liquid or gas)
Solid
Shiny, metallic, non-metallic, pearly, waxy, dull are words commonly used to describe a mineral's _____.
Lustre
Magma is ...
molten rocks/metal underneath the crust
What is commonly found inside sedimentary rocks?
Fossils
What is regional metamorphism?
When rocks change from intense pressure
Are mineral organic or inorganic?
Minerals are made of inorganic materials
The property of hardness is ...
How easy is it to scratch the mineral
What are intrusive rocks?
Formed by magma cooling underneath the crust.
What is a clastic rock?
A sedimentary rock made of layers of inorganic sediment
If a metamorphic rock undergoes too much heat or pressure it will become
Magma, lava or an igneous rock
What kind of structure do minerals have?
Minerals have a crystalline structure
Cleavage is when....
A rock breaks in straight, predictable lines along weak points.
What are extrusive igneous rocks?
Extrusive igneous rocks are formed from lava cooled from volcanoes, above the crust.
What is an example of a bioclastic sedimentary rocks?
Coal
An example of a regional metamorphic rock.
Shale, Slate, Phyllite, Schist and Gneiss