Minerals
The orderly arrangement of atoms gives a mineral its _______________.
crystal structure
Igneous rocks form as the result of cooling and ______________.
crystallization
The smallest peice of a rock is called a _______.
grain
Weathering and ________ break rock into sediment.
erosion
The color of a mineral's powder is called its ______________.
streak
Minerals can crystallize from water and __________.
magma
Which rock forms are the result of processes at Earth's surface?
Sedimentary Rock
Existing rock melts and cools, forming _____________ rock.
Igneous rock
________ bings igneous rock to the surface.
uplift
____________ describes the way light is reflected from a mineral's surface.
luster
Two properties that are used to classify rocks are __________ and ____________
luster and hardness
Sedimentary rock can be fine or ____________ grained.
coarse
Which statement is NOT true:
Granite is a gemstone
Slate can be used on roofs
Marble is used to make sculptures
Granite is a gemstone
Which rock cycle process is related to plate tectonics?
melting
weathering
compaction
melting
Because quartz breaks along uneven edges, it has _________________
fracture
Salt is the mineral known as ___________.
halite
Metamrphic rock can be foliated or ____________.
Nonfoliated
Colliding plates push rock underground. Rocks then undergo ______________.
Metamorphism
Sediment is laid down through _____________.
deposition
______________ describes mineral breakage along smooth, flat surfaces.
Cleavage
Define "ore" and describe three ways in which minerals contained in ores are used in daily life.
An ore is a valuable mineral that can be mined at a profit
Explain how sandstone forms. Use these terms in your answer "sediment" "compacted," "weathered," "eroded," "cemented."
Rocks at the surface are weathered and form sediment. Sediment is eroded and deposited in low areas called basins. Layers of sediment build up and become compacted by the weight of overlying layers. Minerals dissolved in water fill pores in the sediment, causing it to become cemented and forming sandstone.
Compare and contrast intrusive and extrusive rock.
Both are igneous rocks. Extrusive rock forms when lava cools and crystallizes at Earth’s surface. Intrusive rock forms when magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth.
You are taking a walk, and you find a foliated rock. Identify the rock type and state two facts about how the rock formed.
The rock is classified as a metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks form when parent rock is subjected to extreme heat and pressure deep inside Earth. Foliated metamorphic rocks form when uneven pressure causes flat minerals to line up and give the rock a layered look.
Describe three ways in which rocks are used in or around your house or your community.
Pumice is a rock used in some cleaning materials. Granite, slate, and marble are used as building stone. Limestone is used to make cement sidewalks, streets, and buildings.