Minerals
What are rocks made of?
Minerals
How do igneous rocks form?
How do sedimentary rocks form?
Through the weathering and erosion of other rocks
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Through intense heat and pressure of other rocks
What does the rock cycle show?
The processes of different types of rocks changing forms.
What is a common use for coal?
generate electricity, fertilizer, medicine, to make steel
Complete the sentence: A mineral is a naturally occurring solid that can form that can form by _________________ processes and that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
Inorganic
What are two examples of igneous rocks?
answers may vary (rhyolite, granite, pumice, obsidian)
What are two examples of Sedimentary rocks?
Answers may vary (shale, sandstone, conglomerate, breccia, limestone, flint)
What are two examples of metamorphic rocks?
Answers may vary. (gneiss, quartzite, marble, slate)
True or False: an igneous rock can not change into another igneous rock
False
What is a common use for oil?
gasoline to power cars, to heat homes, make plastic and petroleum
What is more reliable in classifying a mineral, Color or Streak? Why?
Streak because the color of a mineral can vary but the streak is always the same.
Where can you find most igneous rocks?
Near a volcano
Put the processes of forming a sedimentary rock in order: erosion, compaction, cementation, weathering, deposition
Where do metamorphic rocks usually form?
Beneath Earth's Surface
What type of rock would you write in position 3?
Sedimentary rocks
What is a common use for natural gas?
What do you use the test the hardness of a mineral?
Mohs Hardness Scale
Igneous rocks are classified into two different groups, intrusive and extrusive. What is the difference between these two catagories?
Intrusive rocks are formed by slow-cooling magma, extrusive rocks are formed by fast-cooling lava.
Sedimentary rocks are classified into three different groups, clastic, organic, and chemical. Coal is an example of an organic rock - how is coal formed?
Coal is formed by layers of plant remains compacted and cemented together over time.
What is the difference between a foliated and non foliated rock?
Foliated rocks have grains that are formed in thin flat layers, non foliated rocks have grains that are arranged randomly
What type of rock would you write in position 4?
Metamorphic rocks
Why are fossil fuels considered "non-renewable"
Because they take hundreds of millions of years to form.
Why is coal not considered a mineral?
Because it is not formed through an inorganic process. (it is formed through an organic process)
Name one example of an igneous rock and tell me how it is used by humans.
Answers may vary (granite - building material, pumice - abrasives, obsidian - cutting tools)
Name one example of a sedimentary rock and tell me how it is used by humans.
Answers may vary. (Sandstone - building materials, Flint - hunting tools)
Name one example of a metamorphic rock and explain how it is used by humans.
Answers may vary. (marble - sculpting material, slate - roofing materials)
What type of rock would you write in position 1?
Igneous rocks
What is one example of a fossil fuel?
natural gas, oil, coal