Minerals
Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Reference table hunt
100
Does this mineral show cleavage or fracture?
Cleavage, smooth flat breaks
100
What is the difference between extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks? (where, cooling, crystals)
Extrusive rocks form on the surface, cool quickly and have small crystals.
Intrusive rocks form underground, cool slowly, have large crystals.
100
What are the factors that contribute to metamorphism
Temperature and Pressure
100
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic (sediments),
Crystalline (chemical),
Bioclastic (dead plants/animals)
100
Describe the differences between the continuous and discontinuous series on Bowen's reaction series
Discontinuous changes the mineral as the temp cools but the continuous mineral stays plagioclase as it cools.
200
Describe the luster of this mineral.
Nonmetallic; specifically earthy or dull
200
Which igneous rock is more dense. Felsic or Mafic
Mafic rocks
200
What geological process will form REGIONAL metamorphism
Plate tectonics
200
What is the processes are involved for a clastic rock to form?
Weathering and Erosion, Deposition, Burial, Compaction, lastly Cementation
200
Using the reference table, describe with the appropriate terms (rock cycle processes), how a rock moves from magma to a sedimentary rock.
Magma cools into an igneous rock, then is *probably uplifted*, weathered and eroded into sediments, deposited, and finally compacted or cemented into a sedimentary rock.
300
Name two of the six special characteristics that can be used to identify minerals.
Odd texture, smell, fluorescence, fizzes with acid, taste, magnetism
300
What does it mean to have vesicular texture?
It has holes/gas pockets
300
What is banding in metamorphic rocks?
Alternating layers of light and dark.
300
What do bioclastic (organic) rocks form from?
Once living things, like animals and plants.
300
What ELEMENTS are common in felsic rocks and mafic rocks
Felsic- Silicon, Potassium and Sodium
Mafic- Iron, Magnesium and Calcium
400
Why do minerals form in specific shapes. For example. why does micas form in a "platy" shape or pyrite in a cubic shape?
Their chemical composition aligns them in a specific way, not randomly.
400
What does color have to do with igneous rocks?
Light color is felsic, grey intermediate and dark mafic.
400
Which metamorphism occurs when lava squeezes through bedrock as it frees itself from the mantle?
Contact Metamorphism
400
Name any sedimentary rock that can be chemically formed (crystalline)
Rock Salt, Rock Gypsum, Limestone, Dolostone, Chert
400
What kind of minerals can be found in diorite?
Quartz, Plagioclase feldspar, Muscovite, Biotite, Amphibole and Pyroxene.
500
Using the reference table, name a special characteristic of the mineral Talc
Soapy feel, VERY soft.
500
What processes form an igneous rock? (rock cycle terms!)
Melting, Cooling and solidifying, Outgassing/volcanism
500
What is the difference between foliated and non-foliated rocks?
A foliated metamorphic rock has a visible layered or banded appearance due to the alignment of minerals under pressure, while a non-foliated metamorphic rock lacks this layered structure and has a more uniform texture
500
What differentiates clastic rocks from one another?
The size of the clast. i.e conglomerate=cobbles, sandstone=sand, shale=clay
500
Using the reference table, describe what needs to occur before crystalline sedimentary rocks form.
Gasses and salts dissolve in solution and minerals precipitate down. The water will evaporate away then lithification happens