Rocks
What are rocks made of?
A mixture of minerals
Minerals have a constant chemical composition
Who are scientists that study the Earth?
Geologists
What is the rock cycle?
Constant forming, breaking down, and reforming of rocks
What are 3 causes of weathering?
Wind, water, temperature change
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Sedimentary, igneous, & metamorphic
What are 4 tests we conducted in class?
Luster, hardness, streak, acid
What are the 4 layers of the Earth starting from the inside?
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
How does igneous rock become metamorphic?
Heat and pressure
How is igneous rock formed?
Magma that has cooled
What are 3 examples of igneous rock?
Obsidian, pumice, granite
Mohs Scale
What is each layer made of?
Inner core: solid metal, Outer core: liquid metal, Mantle: liquid rock, Crust: solid rock
How does sedimentary rock become metamorphic?
Heat and pressure
How is sedimentary rock formed?
Sediments and fossils are compressed
What are 3 examples of metamorphic rock?
Marble, quartzite, slate
What is a characteristic of minerals that cannot typically be seen with only our eyes?
Crystal shape
What are 2 ways volcanoes are formed?
Plates converging and diverging
How does igneous become sedimentary?
Weathering then compaction
How is metamorphic rock formed?
Other rocks are transformed by heat and pressure
What are 4 examples of sedimentary rock?
Sandstone, shale, limestone, coal
Where are minerals formed?
In nature
What are 2 causes of earthquakes?
Plates sliding past each other and the crust moving along a fault
How does metamorphic become igneous?
Melting then cooling and hardening
What mineral reacts with vinegar to cause bubbling?
Calcite