Mineral Properties
Scratching a mineral across an unglazed tile tests this property.
What is streak?
Rock type formed from cooled magma or lava.
What are igneous rocks?
Sedimentary rocks formed from plant remains.
What are organic rocks?
A rock with distinct banding.
What is gneiss?
ESRT chart used to identify minerals based on properties?
What is the Mineral Properties Chart?
The most reliable mineral test method.
What is streak?
What determines crystal size in an igneous rock.
What is cooling rate?
Sedimentary rock with rounded pebbles.
What is conglomerate?
Metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
What is marble?
This ESRT chart helps you determine whether a metamorphic rock is foliated.
What is the Metamorphic Rock Chart?
This mineral property describes a mineral breaking into uneven, jagged surfaces rather than along flat planes.
What is fracture?
Igneous rock with a vesicular texture.
What is pumice?
Sedimentary rock that forms from evaporation.
What is rock salt?
Sandstone that undergoes heat and pressure transforms into this metamorphic rock.
What is quartzite?
This ESRT resource lists luster, hardness, streak, and cleavage, allowing you to identify an unknown mineral.
What is the Mineral Properties Chart?
Mineral that fizzes in acid.
What is calcite?
This igneous rock cools quickly at Earth’s surface, while its coarse-grained counterpart forms slowly underground.
What are basalt and gabbro?
Sedimentary rocks with fossils form here.
What is underwater in layers?
Increasing burial of sandstone produces this.
What is quartzite?
Where basalt and gabbro form.
What is basalt cools at surface; gabbro underground?
Mineral with hardness 1 and greasy feel.
What is talc?
This igneous rock texture forms when gas bubbles are trapped in rapidly cooling lava, creating a rock that is light enough to float.
What is vesicular texture (or pumice)?
Rock type most likely to show ripple marks.
What are sedimentary rocks?
This type of metamorphism causes minerals to separate into light and dark bands, forming rocks like gneiss.
What is regional metamorphism?
Sequence: shale → slate → schist → gneiss across a mountain range shows this about temperature & pressure.
What is increasing pressure/temperature toward the center?
These two processes work together to turn loose sediments into solid sedimentary rock.
What are compaction and cementation?