Minerals
Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
The Rock Cycle
100
What is the name of the scale scientists use to test the hardness of rocks?
Mohs scale
100
What is sediment?
material that settles on land or bottom of lakes, rivers, and oceans
100
Igneous rocks can form _______ or _______ Earth's surface
above or below
100
Give an example of metamorphic rock
marble, quartz, gneiss
100
True or False: every rock has gone through the rock cycle
false!
200
What are minerals?
natural, nonliving solid crystals that make up rocks
200
New layers of sediment settle on ________ of ________ layers
top of old layers
200
What is a layer of rock below Earth's surface that is hot and partially melted called?
magma
200
______ and _______ can cause minerals in the metamorphic rocks to change
heat and pressure
200
What is the rock cycle?
the ongoing recycling of old rock into new rock
300
What is streak?
the color of powder that a mineral leaves behind when scratched on a plate (this is always the same!)
300
What is weathering?
When water and air beat on a rock and break into into pieces of sediment
300
What is the name of molten rock once it reaches Earth's surface?
lava
300
What does "metamorphosis" mean?
to change form
300
What are 3 of the 5 forces that drive the rock cycle?
heat, pressure, weathering, erosion, chemical reactions
400
What is luster?
the way the surface reflects light (dull, pearly, glassy)
400
How are fossils formed?
1. animal dies
2. sediments layer on top of the bones
3. layers form the bones into rock
4. the fossil appears on the surface
400
How does an igneous rock get large cyrstals?
When igneous rock is formed underground, the cooling is very slow, which allows more, large crystals to form
400
Metamorphic rocks can change from ___________, _________, or _____________
igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks
400
Why is the rock cycle important to know about?
It helps use know how rock are made, how the earth works, etc
500
What are the 5 properties used to classify rocks (name at least 3)
color, luster, hardness, streak, cleavege
500
How are sediment rocks formed?
By the weight and pressure of layers on top of each other, the clay will "cement" the sediments together and form rocks
500
How do igneous rocks form?
When magma underground cools slow, rocks form and come to earth's surface.
OR
when lava cools is hardens and becomes igneous rock
500
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Rocks that experience heat and pressure become metamorphic rock
500
DRAW the rock cycle using the word below. Use ARROWS to show the directions.
-igneous rock
-metamorphic rock
-sedimentary rocks
-sediment
-weathering and erosion
-magma
-cooling
-heat and pressure
-compacting and cementing
