Vocabulary Basics
Molten material found below Earth’s surface.
What is magma?
Which type of rock forms from heat and pressure?
What is metamorphic rock?
Which process breaks down rocks into smaller pieces?
What is weathering?
Rock without layers or bands.
What is a nonfoliated rock?
Rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of plants and animals make up this material.
What are sediments?
Loose material made from rock fragments or shells.
What is sediment?
Which rock type forms when lava cools quickly on the surface?
What is an extrusive rock?
The process that presses sediments together.
What is compaction?
Rock with visible mineral layers or bands.
What is a foliated rock?
This process uses compaction and cementation to turn sediments into rocks.
What is the formation of sedimentary rock?
Molten rock found on Earth’s surface.
What is lava?
True or False: Sedimentary rocks always form deep underground.
False
The process that glues sediments together.
What is cementation?
Rocks formed from cooled magma or lava.
What are igneous rocks?
These are the most common minerals that make up rocks.
What are rock-forming minerals?
A mixture of minerals, volcanic glass, and organic material.
What is rock?
True or False: Sedimentary rocks often form in layers.
True
When lava cools quickly on the surface, it forms ___ rocks.
What are extrusive rocks?
Which statement is true about the rock cycle?
Rocks can change into other types through natural processes.
Not all metamorphic rocks have visible layers or bands.
What is false?
Shows how rocks slowly change through time.
What is the rock cycle?
Igneous rocks can become metamorphic rocks through what two forces?
What are heat and pressure?
The rock cycle shows that matter is never created or destroyed. (T/F)
True
Name the three types of rocks.
What are igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary?
The idea that rocks are destroyed over time.
What is False?