Classifying Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
The Rock Cycle
100
Geologists classify rocks into 3 major groups
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
100
Igneous rock that formed from magma and cooled very slowly UNDERNEATH the earth's surface is called ________.
intrusive igneous rock
100
These small rock pieces or particles make up sedimentary rock. They can be other rocks or plant and animal organisms.
sediment
100
This is how metamorphic rocks are created.
Rocks are exposed to extreme heat and pressure
100
True or False: Every rock can turn into any other type of rock (sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic)
True
200
The type of rock that forms from magma or lava cooling
What is igneous rock
200
This type of igneous rock is formed from lava ON the earth's surface.
Extrusive rock
200
This type of rock is made of pieces of smaller rock glued together
conglomerate
200
What does the word metamorph mean?
Meta - Change
Morph - form
200
Igneous rock transform to sediment by processes called ___________ & ____________
weathering and erosion
300
Define density
a physical property that measures the amount of mass packed into a given volume (the amount of stuff in a space)
300
This type of igneous rocks has holes formed from gas bubbles when it rapidly cooled.
Pumice
300
the process whereby sediment from different forms of weathering accumulates in layers
Deposition
300
What can cause bands to appear in metamorphic rocks?
Uneven pressure
300
What is an example of chemical erosion?
Acid rain
400
95% of earth's crust is made out of this type of rock.
Igneous
400
This type of igneous rock is used to make countertops.
granite
400
_____ is one of the sedimentary rocks most valued by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Australia. It is valued for its high shine that generates a shimmering effect in the light of a fire. It is used in body paint, rock paint and on artwork.
Ochre
400
Which rock is stronger: Limestone or marble.
Extra points for WHY
Marble - Formed from heat and pressure underground, rather than deposition (sandstone is a sedimentary rock).
400
What type of rocks would you look or if you were searching for fossils?
Sedimentary rocks
500
What is the name of this igneous rock?
Obsidian
500
How do crystals form in igneous rocks?
By magma cooling. The faster it cools, the smaller the crystals. The longer it takes to cool, the larger the crystals. Crystals form from the amount of minerals in the rock.
500
How are stalagmites in caves formed?
When groundwater passes over limestone, it can dissolve calcium carbonate from the limestone. When the water evaporates, it leaves behind the calcium carbonate. Various rock formations in caves are formed by this method.
500
Limestone becomes ___________ under extreme temperature or pressure.
marble
500
What is the role of a soil erosion engineer?
To study the rate of rock weathering and erosion to prevent impacts of flooding and poor food production.