The Atom/Elements
What are the 3 parts of an atom?
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
Which of the following is NOT how we define minerals?
A) Inorganic
B) Hardness
C) Naturally Occurring
D) Crystalline structure
B) Hardness
What key words are used to describe how metamorphic rock is formed?
Formed by heat and pressure
Rocks are made of ___________.
Rocks are made of MINERALS.
Ripple marks in sedimentary rock mean the rock was formed near what?
Water
Where are protons found?
In the nucleus
Which of the following is a property of minerals?
A) Luster
B) Inorganic
C) Found in Nature
D) Solid Substance
A) Luster
After weathering and erosion, what happens to sediments before they can become sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
What does LUSTER mean?
Protons- Positive
Neutrons- Neutral
Electrons- Negative
Name 2 PROPERTIES of minerals
Luster, Color, Streak, Hardness, Cleavage, Fracture, Density
To form igneous rock, any other rock type needs to be ______________, and then ______________.
To form igneous rock, any other rock type needs to be MELTED, and then COOLED.
Which rock type contains fossils?
Sedimentary
When MINERALS break unevenly, the mineral can be described as having what property?
Fracture
The atomic number is the number of _____________.
The atomic mass is the number of ________ and ________ in an atom.
The atomic mass is the number of PROTONS and NEUTRONS in an atom.
Name 2 CHARACTERISTICS to DEFINE all minerals
Naturally occurring, Inorganic, solid, crystalline structure, definite chemical composition
What happens when sediments are weathered and eroded?
They become even smaller sediments!
Which rock type can be foliated or unfoliated?
Metamorphic
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
Elements are only made of one type of atom. Compounds are made of many different types of atoms.
What is the number of Neutrons in the following atom:
Chlorine: Atomic number 17, atomic mass 35.
Mass - Number = Neutrons
35-17= 18 Neutrons
Minerals are classified based off of their_________.
Minerals are classified based off of their COMPOSITION
Where is magma found vs where is lava found?
Lava is found flowing OUTSIDE of the earth. Magma is found as molten rock INSIDE the earth.
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive rock? BE SPECIFIC.
Intrusive is cooled INSIDE the earth and Extrusive is cooled OUTSIDE the earth.
Why do intrusive igneous rocks have large crystals?
Because they cool INSIDE of the earth. The SLOW cooling promotes BIG crystal growth.