a person from an outside culture or group that is thought to be uncivilized and violent
What is a barbarian?
the four primary directions; north, south, east, and west
What is cardinal directions?
having to do with citizens or citizenship
What is civic
an advanced state of human society with a high level of culture, specialization, infrastructure, stable food supply, government, technology, belief systems, writing, and social structure
What is civilization?
the long-term trends in weather elements and atmospheric conditions
What is climate?
a map tool that indicates the orientation of north and other cardinal or intermediate directions on a map
What is compass rose?
a system of money in use in a particular country
What is currency?
an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority
What is empire?
the physical characteristics of an area
What is environment?
the imaginary line drawn around Earth at zero degrees latitude that divides Earth into northern and southern hemispheres
What is the equator?
an estate of land under feudal control and service
What is fief?
the study of earth's surface and climate, and of human activity, and of the interactions between them
What is geography?
the directions halfway between the four cardinal directions; northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast
What are intermediate directions?
a physical feature of the Earth’s surface, such as a desert, mountain, or river
What is landform?
a self-sufficient estate
What is a manor?
the spread of people, ideas, technology, and products from one culture to another
What is cultural diffusion?
a system of government in which nobles gave land to lesser nobles to govern in exchange for loyalty and military service
What is feudalism?
money collected from a citizen or business to help pay for goods and services provided by the government
What is tax?
the imaginary line drawn around Earth at zero degrees longitude that divides Earth into eastern and western hemispheres
What is the prime meridian?
a form of government where people rule themselves through elected representatives
What is a republic?
an economic system in medieval Europe where rural society was arranged around a manor house on an estate
What is manorialism?
a person who receives protection and land from a lord in return for loyalty and service
What is a vassal?
the belief in or worship of more than one god
What is polytheism?
unfair treatment because of race, religion, or political beliefs
What is persecution?
the belief that there is only one God
What is monotheism?