The Founding of Rome
According to legend, which twin brothers founded Rome?
Romulus and Remus
What form of government replaced the Roman monarchy in 509 BCE?
A republic
What series of wars were fought between Rome and Carthage?
The Punic Wars
What was Julius Caesar’s most famous military conquest?
The conquest of Gaul
What was Augustus’s name before he became emperor?
Octavian
On which river was the city of Rome founded?
The Tiber River
What term was used for the two officials elected annually to lead the Roman Republic?
Consuls
Which Carthaginian general famously crossed the Alps with elephants?
Hannibal
Who was one of the key senators involved in Caesar’s assassination?
Brutus
Why did Augustus declare war on Mark Antony, and what events led to their conflict?
Augustus viewed the divorce between his sister, Octavia, and Mark Antony as a grave personal and political insult.
What geographic feature of Italy helped protect Rome from invasion?
The Alps
Who were the common people in Roman society who fought for political rights?
Plebeians
Which Carthaginian queen fell in love with Aeneas according to Roman mythology?
Queen Dido
What title did Julius Caesar declare for himself that caused fear among the Senate?
Dictator for life
What title did the Senate grant Octavian that symbolized his power?
Augustus
Which Trojan hero, according to legend, is considered an ancestor of the Romans?
Aeneas
What was the name of the Roman legal code that was displayed in the Forum?
The Twelve Tables
In which war did Rome destroy Carthage completely in 146 BCE?
The Third Punic War
Who was Julius Caesar’s political ally, a member of the First Triumvirate, who later became his rival and aligned with the Senate during the Roman Civil War?
Pompey
What major change in governance occurred during Augustus’s reign?
The transition from a republic to an empire
What animal is said to have raised Romulus and Remus?
A wolf
Which assembly represented the plebeians in the Roman Republic?
The Tribune of the Plebs
What was the outcome of the Battle of Zama in 202 BCE?
Rome’s victory over Carthage
On what date was Julius Caesar assassinated?
March 15, 44 BCE (the Ides of March)
Which battle marked Augustus’s victory over Mark Antony and Cleopatra?
The Battle of Actium