Economy and Government
What economic problems did conquered slaves bring to the republic?
-the wealthy used enslaved laborers to work the farms
-Small farms could not compete with the large estates and many were sold
-There was no longer a need for paid workers
Poor but free citizens
Plebeians
What did the mountains provide for Rome?
It made it difficult for people to cross from one side of the peninsula to the other. It protected them from attacks.
Who founded Rome?
Romulus and Remus
Who led the attack against Rome in the Second Punic War?
Hannibal Barca
What are the three branches of a tripartite government?
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches
Rich, land-owning class
Patricians
What are the two main mountain ranges of Italy?
The Italian Alps and the Apennines.
How was the story of the founding of Rome shared from person to person?
Myths and Legends
Why was the First Punic War fought?
Rome and Carthage both wanted control of Sicily.
How did infrastructure help to expand Rome’s economy?
Roads connected cities and made it easier to transport goods and trade.
Class of conquered people used for labor
Slaves/Enslaved People
What were the advantages of the location of Rome?
Name 2
Mountains, inland, Farmlands, River and Sea.
How was water important to the development of Rome?
Name at least 2 reasons
Used water to drink and farm, water from aqueducts, Protection from invaders, good trade routes
What caused the Second Punic War?
The Second Punic War between Rome and Carthage started over control of Spain.
What are the characteristics of a republic?
A republic is a form of government in which citizens elect representatives to govern on their behalf
What is the role of education in Roman life?
Girls
-some received basic education at home.
-Young teens could marry, and they rarely left their homes
Boys
-Education was expected, and most boys were taught at home.
-There were some private schools
Children in low-income households
-They had no education.
-Boys learned their fathers trades and girls learned household duties
What physical features of the Italian peninsula were important to the development of Rome, and why were they important?
Name 2
Hills-Separate neighborhoods, protection from enemy attacks.
Plains- rich farmland for growing crops and raising livestock, lots of wood and stone for constructing buildings supplying armies.
What is "Pax Romana"
Time of Roman Peace
What lasting effect did the Third Punic War have on the Mediterranean?
Trading
What were some of the reforms that took place under Caesar?
Name 3
-Citizenship for Gauls
-Julian calendar
-Larger senate
-Economic programs
-Expansion of the Senate
-Expansion of citizenship
How was Roman religion shaped by Etruscan beliefs?
Roman religious beliefs were influenced by the Etruscans and the Greeks
-the Etruscans built their first temples in Rome to honor their deities or gods.
-They built the first statues of gods in human shape, which gave rise to myths.
What did the Seven Hills provide?
-separate neighborhoods
-protection from enemy attacks
What were some of the challenges the Roman Economy faced early on?
Name at least 3 reasons
At first, citizens paid a small amount of taxes based on how much money and land they had. Later, Rome made only the people in conquered lands pay taxes.
What were some of the effects of Roman expansion after the Punic Wars
Conquering new lands changed Rome