Why did Athens and Sparta go to War?
The Hellenistic Empire
Alexander the Great, Continued...
Colonists and Indo-Europeans on the Iberian Peninsula
Vocabulary
100
What form of government existed in Athens in the 5th Century BCE? How about Sparta?
Athens- Democracy
Sparta- Oligarchy
100
What is the name of the king who unified most of Greece after the Peloponnesian War in the 4th Century? He was the father of Alexander the Great.
Phillip II of Macedon
100
Alexander the Great created the largest empire in antiquity by the time he turned thirty-three years old. How long did it take for him to build this empire?
Ten years
100
Which of the following civilizations DIDN'T create settlements on the Iberian Peninsula in the first millennium BCE?
A) Phoenicians
B) Persians
C) Greeks
D) Carthaginians
B) Persians
100
Flee (past tense: fled)
To escape; to run away
200
Who won the Battle of Marathon (490BCE) and the Battle of Salamis (480BCE), thus winning the Greco-Persian War?
The Greeks (chiefly, Athens and its allies)
200
What is the name of the Greek philosopher, educated by Plato, who served as the personal tutor for Alexander the Great?
Aristotle
200
Where did Alexander begin his conquest (i.e. what was the location of his first military victory?)
Granicus in Asia Minor (334BCE)
200
Where were the first Indo-European societies established on the Iberian Peninsula?
The Northeast (Catalunya and the Ebro Valley)
200
To defeat
To conquer
300
What was the association of poleis called created by Athens to prepare for a Persian attack?
The Delian League
300
What is the name of the city founded by Alexander the Great which became the most prosperous in the Hellenistic Kingdoms?
(Egyptian) Alexandria
300
When Alexander was in Egypt he visited their temples; when he was in Persia he wore the traditional clothes of the Persian people. Why did he do this?
To show the people respect and to prevent violent uprisings
300
Describe the economy found in the Indo-European city of Tartessos?
It was focused on livestock farming and fishing, however, its wealth was derived from the trade of precious metals with the Greeks and Phoenicians
300
Ashore
On land (brought onto the shore)
400
What association was created by Sparta and its allies to counter the power of Athens?
The Peloponnesian League
400
What is the name of the Greek mythological hero who Alexander the Great admired and emulated? What work by Homer does this character descend from?
Achilles; the Iliad
400
In which battle did Alexander the Great definitively defeat the Persians?
The Battel of Gaugamela (331 BCE) which caused the Persian king, Darius III, to flee
400
Why were the Greeks forced to concentrate their Iberian colonies on the northeastern coast?
The Carthaginians wanted to control Mediterranean trade, so they cut off Greek passage to the South.
400
Outraged
Very angry
500
During the Peloponnesian War, the Peloponnesian League faced against the Delian League. Who won the war?
The Peloponnesian League- Sparta and its allies
500
When Alexander died at the age of 33 his empire was divided into four Hellenistic Kingdoms. What were these kingdoms?
-Macedonia
-Egypt
-Seleucid Empire
-Pergamum
500
Where did Alexander and his army finally stop their conquest? What is the name of the river (or the country) that constituted the eastern border of his Hellenistic Empire?
Indus River; India
500
List three things that were introduced to the Iberian Peninsula by colonists in the first millennium BCE?
-New crops
-Systemic use of iron and mining
-Exploitation of salt mines
-Salted fish industry
-Potters wheel
-Writing
-Use of currency
500
Depletion
Reduction in quantity of something