Fundamentals of ABA
What is ABA?
A scientific field that studies human and animal behavior, and uses learning theory principles to improve people's lives.
What is NET
A scientifically proven teaching method that incorporates a learner’s natural environment into teaching, maintaining, and generalizing new skills. Teaching is incorporated into the learner’s interests to maximize teaching by contriving opportunities through the learners motivation.
Its your first day working with a child, you don't know much about them and they don't know you? What is the first thing you do? How do you build that instructional control?
PAIR
What does ABC stand for?
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence
What is reinforcement?
Occurs when we give (positive) or take away (negative) something that increases the likelihood that a behavior will happen again.
What has keys but can’t open locks?
Piano
Which soft drink once contained cocaine as one of its original ingredients?
Coca-Cola
What does Child-led mean?
Therapy session following the child's lead, acknowledging their interests, and finding teachable moments through what they are motivated for.
How do you incorporate creative play in your sessions?
Your child is "bored, falling asleep" they have been sitting around for a minute not engaging in anything, what do you do?
Give them new toys to play with, show them how to play with different toys.
Always find something new, get creative!! Model new ways
When do you take ABC data and how?
When a new behavior or incident occurs. You write down what happened before the behavior, the actual behavior, and what happened following the behavior
What is the purpose of reinforcement?
To increase the likelihood of a target behavior
What has to be broken before you can use it?
An egg
What candy was originally known as “chicken feed”?
Candy corn
What is pairing?
A process in which you pair yourself with the learner’s favorite items and activities. This builds a relationship with you and your learner.
AKA you play with the child the way they play
As the tech, what is your role when teaching through NET?
To create opportunities for learning within natural contexts. Be creative! Take advantage of how flexible the environment is!
Respond to the child's spontaneous interests and interactions to teach new skills
The child is working on tolerating waiting... How would you use NET to teach it
Allow them to engage with whatever R+ they have, after a few minutes, take it and play with and have them wait for it
Or they want to go play in a specific area have them wait for it
What does use a most to least prompting mean?
Start with the most intrusive prompt and work your way down the hierarchy
What is an example of continuous reinforcement?
Providing a reward (R+) after every correct response
I speak in every language, but I have no voice. What am I?
Book
Which popular condiment was once sold as a medicinal cure for diarrhea?
Ketchup
What are the functions of behaviors?
Escape, automatic, attention, and tangibles
Youre teaching the child their colors, how do you use NET to teach them colors?
Using the toys and activites they are interested in, if they are playing with cars have them label or receptively Id the colors
When walking in the hallway label the colors
When building with blocks have them label the colors
What skills can be taught when your child is very interested in a puzzle?
List the prompt hierarchy from most to least
Physical, model, gesture, verbal, and visual
What is the advantage of using natural reinforcement?
It helps ensure that skills generalize
I can fly without wings. I can cry without eyes. Wherever I go, darkness flies. What am I?
A cloud
Psalm, Saint, and Chicago are the names of what?
Kim Kardashian's children
List and define the main verbal operants
Mand - Request
Tact - Label
LR - Following directions
Echoic - Vocal imitation
Motor imitation - Copying
Intraverbals - Communication Skills
What is incidental teaching? Why is it a big part of NET
- Using the child's motivation and intrerest we teach them new skills. Its a big part because NET uses incidental teaching to teach new skills, you take those opportunities to teach skills.
Your child is engaging in behaviors you have never seen or handled, they are head banging, biting, and it seems like it's escalating very quickly! What do you do?
- Ask for help
- Call the BCBA over
- Never restrain the child, immediately block!!
A child is building with blocks when the tech took the blocks away the child started to engage in crying behaviors so the tech prompted the child to request for the blocks. How would you record ABC data on this incident
B: Crying behavior
C: Child prompted to request for blocks
Can eye-contact be a form of reinforcement and why?
Yes because sometimes a child can be motivated and or seeking attention.
What comes once in a minute, twice in a moment, but never in a thousand years?
Letter M
What fast food chain once used the slogan "Think outside the bun"?
Taco Bell