government
where did the classical civilizations start
What was the war that the Spartans and Athens fought in?
The Peloponnesian War
What divided the people and made unifying the Greek people impossible?
75% of Greece was mountainous
What did most Greek city-states have that was the center for trade & government?
Agora
Why did people believe Moses had horns out of his head not rays of light?
Saint Jerome mistranslated the word.
where was direct democracy developed?
early Athens around 600BC
What society did Sparta focus on?
focused more on the military than education.
What forced Greece to develop a trade network with neighboring societies?
lack of resources
What are the different types of Greek columns?
Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
What did Athens focus on?
Athenian society focused on wealth, culture, public speaking
where did the foundation for the democratic republic begin?
ancient Athens circa 508 BC
what type of government did Sparta practice and when?
Oligarchy in 500BC
When did Macedonia attack the Greeks and did they conquer Greece?
338 B.C. yes they conquered Greece
What does philosophy?
Philosophy means “love of wisdom”
Where were Greek established colonies located?
Along the Mediterranean
What was the first law code?
Hammurabi's code
What age did boys start training and what age did they stop serving?
Boys began military training at age 7; Spartan men served in the military until 60 years old
What were the three big war periods in Ancient Greek history?
Persian Wars, the Peloponnesian War, and the conquests of Alexander the Great.
Athens, Sparta, Egypt, and Persia
What did Archimedes design?
He used engineering to design levers to lift heavy objects.
Where did people believe the earth was in the solar system and how long was this believed?
Astronomer Ptolemy thought that the earth was the center and this was believed for 14 centuries
Describe Monarchy, Oligarchy, Aristocracy, and Direct Democracy rule.
Monarchy-state ruled by a king/rule is hereditary
Aristocracy-ruled by elite nobles/rule is hereditary and based on family ties, social rank, wealth/social status and wealth support rulers’ authority
Oligarchy-ruled by a small group of citizens/rule based on wealth and ability/ruling group controls the military
Direct democracy- a state ruled by its people/ rule based on citizenship/majority rule decides to vote
Who ran family estates?
Women ran family estates while men trained or fought
what did the museum and library that Alexandria include and who did it attract?
it preserved Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and Indian cultures and attracted scholars for centuries
What did Socrates tell his student's people to challenge to understand the truth?
Socrates taught students to challenged accepted values in Greece; he thought people must think for themselves to understand the truth.
Summarize the life and accomplishments of these three great Athenian statesmen: Draco, Solon, and Pericles
Pericles- Responsible for the development of the Athenian democracy and the Athenian empire, making Athens the political and cultural focus of Greece. His achievements included the construction of the Acropolis, which began in 447.
Draco- He replaced the prevailing system of oral law and blood feud by a written code to be enforced only by a court of law.
Solon- Credited with restructuring the social and political organization of Athens and thereby laying the foundations for Athenian democracy.