MSK
What is the single best test to evaluate an ACL tear?
Lachman's
Aortic Aneurysm is how many cm?
<3 cm
#1 cause of cancer related deaths?
Lung Cancer :(
Who gets Lupus?
BONUS: 100: Name the triad of clinical manifestations
Young females, 20-40s, AA, Hispanic, Native American, genetics, sun exposure, estrogen, infections
Drug induced: INH, Quinidine, Procainamide, Hydralazine
BONUS: Joint pain, fever, butteryfly rash
Hypertension is the MC and
PHE
Palpitations
Headache
Excessive Sweating
Pheo is a catecholamine secreting adrenal tumor but 90% are benign :) Treat with an alpha blocker for 2 weeks and then a beta blocker. These all have PHE to start them.
What is Nursemaid's elbow and how do you treat it?
Sublux of the radial head from pulling an extended arm.
Treat via manual reduction
What is the most common artery involved in giant cell arteritis?
Temporal artery which is why it is called temporal arteritis sometimes.
What is SVC syndrome and what causes it?
Compression of the vena cava and lung cancer
Treatment for rhabdo?
IV saline hydration. 4-6 L a day
Mannitol to induce osmotic diuresis. Bicarb to alkinize the urine.
Can do calcium gluconate if hyperkalemic and ekg changes
MC cause of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid in the US?
Hashimoto Thyroiditis. and Hyper is GRAVES
Hashimoto's: MC in women 30-50 so we can all still get this :)
Graves: MC Women 20-20
What is the MC Wrist Fracture?
Colles Fracture.
Fall on a dorsiflexed hand. You see dorsal angulation of the hand and wrist.
Silver fork deformity
What would cause hairless, shiny legs and painful ulcers. and what test do you use to see how bad it is?
PAD and ankle brachial index.
<.4 is severe
<.9 is diagnostic
What is the bacteria that causes PCP?
Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Lupus Treatment
sun protection
Hydroxychloroquine
For Arthritis: NSAIDS or Acetaminophen
How do you treat Graves?
Radioactive Iodine
Methimazole or Propylthiouracil
What injury can occur from a blow to the flexed knee? Example knees up on a dashboard. And what test can evaluate it?
PCL and Posterior sag sign/Posterior drawer test
What is Virchow's Triad
venous stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulability
How do you treat Psittacosis ( Parrot Fever)
Tetracycline or doxy
What is the autoimmune disorder that effects the exocrine glands?
Sjogren's
Types of Thyroid cancer?
Papillary - MC and in women and from radiation exposure
Follicular - risk with iodine deficiency
Medullary - use calcitonin levels to see how it's going. Need a thyroidectomy bc this is bad. you want to rule out a PHE with this.
Anaplastic - Aggressive. Will kill you. Poor prognosis. :( Sad
6 P's of compartment syndrome
Pain
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulselessness
Pallor
Poikilothermia
Jones Criteria for Rheumatic Fevers
1. Migratory Polyarthritis
2. Active Carditis
3. Sydenham's chorea
4. Subcutaneous nodules
5. Erythema Marginatum
What tumor presses on the apex of the lung and causes shoulder pain and nerve damage?
Pancoast Tumor
A 50 yr old women with pain/stiffness of the proximal joints worse in the am could have what idiopathic inflammatory disorder?
synovitis, bursitis, tenosynovitis
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Name the clinical manifestations of a thyroid storm
Cardiovascular dysfunction, high fever, CNS dysfunction palpitations, tachycardia, a fib, CHF, nausea, vomiting, tremors, agitation, delirium, psychosis
treat with IV fluids, propanolol, IV steroids and antithyroid medication like propylthiouracil