Research Methods
A Latin phrase that means “after the fact,” this study examines the potential effects of variables that have already occurred.
What is ex post facto study?
As one variable decreases, the other increases.
What is a negative correlation?
The variable that an experimenter assesses or measures to determine whether or not the manipulation has had an effect.
What is the dependent variable?
This is the first question we should always ask when choosing our experimental design.
How many independent variables are there?
This statistical test compares the means of two groups.
What is a t-test?
A form of the observational method in which the researcher examines the accumulated documents, or archives, of a culture (e.g., diaries, novels, magazines, and newspapers).
What is archival research?
A graph that can be used to represent the pattern of relationship between scores from two variables is called this.
What is a scatterplot?
This group is used in an experiment so we can compare the experimental manipulation to something.
What is a control group?
A research design used when the researcher cannot randomly assign experimental participants to the groups but the researcher does manipulate an IV and measure a DV.
What is a quasi-experimental design?
If an experiment finds that two groups are statistically different from each other, but that difference is meaningless in the real world, we say it lacks this kind of significance.
What is practical significance?
This type of research methods analyzes findings across studies to help researchers decide whether the effects of an independent variable are reliable across studies.
What is a meta-analysis?
This analysis tells you whether there is a statistically significant relationship between two continuous variables.
What is regression?
A type of validity in which results of a study can be generalized to the outside settings, other people, or over time.
What is external validity?
An experimental design with two or more independent variables
What is a factorial design?
The magnitude or size of the experimental treatment.
What is effect size?
This type of research aims to solve immediate issues in society.
What is applied research?
This number tells you both the direction and strength of a correlation.
What is Pearson’s R (the correlation coefficient)?
A type of validity in which results of the study are due to the manipulation of the independent variable and not some other factor.
What is internal validity?
Both the research and participant are unaware of which condition the participant is receiving.
What is a double blind experiment?
Procedures used to summarize a set of data.
What are descriptive statistics?
This type of research is more focused on understanding how things work, rather than future practical applications of the discovered knowledge.
What is basic research?
These are the three possible explanations for a correlation.
What are A causes B, B causes A, or C causes both A and B?
The features of the experiment that inadvertently lead participants to respond in a particular manner.
What are demand characteristics?
This is the number of groups in a 3 x 4 x 3 factorial design
What is 36?
Two independent variables; one is random assignment and the other uses correlated assignment.
What is a Two Way Mixed ANOVA?