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Cognition
Language
Problem-Solving
Intelligence
Learning
100
What is a prototype?
A representative "best example" of a concept.
100
What is a phoneme?
Basic sound unit of a given language, e.g. "an," "eh"
100
What is an algorithm? Give an example.
Step by step problem-solving.
100
What is cultural intelligence?
Cultural competence; how well you relate to the values of the culture.
100
What is a type of non-associative learning that we discussed in class?
Habituation or sensitization.
200
What is a concept?
Categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. 
200
What is a morpheme? Give an example.
Smallest unit of language that has meaning. E.g. "I"
200
What is insight? Give an example.
Insight: sudden realization of the solution; an "a-ha" moment. 
200
According to Gardner, what two types of intelligence make up emotional intelligence?
Intrapersonal (self) and interpersonal (other people).
200
What is the difference between a reflex and an instinct?
Reflex: simple, unlearned motor or neural reaction to a specific stimulus.


Instinct: a more complicated innate response.

300
Give three examples of concepts.
E.g.: freedom, democracy, waterfowl, boats, cats, justice, power.
300
What is the difference between semantics and syntax?
Both are a part of grammar. Semantics: meaning of words and sentences. Syntax: the way words and phrases combine to form sentences.
300
What is functional fixedness? Give an example.
When one cannot perceive an item being used in a way other than what it was designed for.
300
What are the three parts of Steinberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?
Creative intelligence, analytic intelligence, and practical intelligence.
300
What are the three main types of associative learning discussed in class?
Classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning.
400
Give 3 examples of prototypes, and the concepts they represent.
E.g.: waterfowl: duck, quarterback: Brett Favre, car: sedan, bird: sparrow.
400
What is the interactionist approach to language?
Genetics and environment contribute to language development.
400
I am only acknowledging or paying attention to information that supports my ideas and beliefs. I disregard other information. What type of bias do I have?
Confirmation bias.
400
What is fluid intelligence? What is crystallized intelligence? Which type do you think will fade with age?
Fluid: problem-solving, timed tasks, abstract ideas.

Crystallized: knowledge, skills, facts accumulated through experience and education.

400
Explain how taste aversion conditioning differs from classical conditioning.
Pairing of UCS and UCR is not close in time; multiple pairings are not required.
500
Define "event schema" and give an example.
A cognitive script; behaviors that feel like a routine. 
500
At what ages do we see cooing, babbling, holophrases, and telegraphic speech?
Cooing: birth - 3 months.

Babbling: 3mos - 1 year.

Holophrases: 1 year - 18mos

Telegraphic speech: 18mos - 24mos

500
A person keeps trying to solve a problem in a way that has worked in the past, but it is not working now. The person remains persistent due to the person's _____. 
Mental set.
500
What is the difference between a learning disability or cognitive disorder and a developmental disorder?
Developmental disabilities are generally related to intelligence/IQ, while learning disabilities are neurological and not related to IQ.
500
What is extinction? Give an example. What is spontaneous recovery?
Extinction: decrease in conditioned response when unconditioned stimulus is no longer present.


Spontaneous recovery: return of a previously extinguished conditioned response.