Show:
Basic Statistcs
Causation
Interaction, Confounding, EM
Error
Error & Bias
100

What are the two types of Qualitative data?

Nominal 

Ordinal

100

Used to compare the means of three or more groups by analyzing variance

ANOVA (analysis of variance)

100

What is the term for when two exposures have an effect on an outcome.

Interaction

100

This term refers to the probability that a person with a negative test does NOT have the outcome.

Negative Predictive Value

100

What is the term for the false association between exposure and disease that arises from chance

Random error

200

What is term for the assumption that there is no effect or difference between groups?

Null Hypothesis

200

What is the appropriate statistical test to evaluate a linear association between 2 variables?

Perason correlation coefficient (r)

200
What is the term describing a systematic deviation of results?

Bias

200
What is it called when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected (false positivie)?

Type I error

200

This type of bias describes when individuals can’t remember exposures accurately

Recall bias

300

This is a type of data visualization that uses bars but is used for continuous variables

Histogram

300

Which type of test is appropriate for a 2x2 contingency table?

Chi-Square

300

What is the term describing the distortion of the measure effect caused by a third factor that influences both the outcome and the exposure? `

Confounding

300

What is the term for the ability to identify true negatives?

Specificity

300
What type of error refers to when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected (false positive)?

Type I Error

400

Which type of data is an unbroken sequence of values that has a true zero point?

Ratio scale

400

Which type of statistical test is appropriate to compares two sample means

Two-sample T-Test

400

Name the 2 main types of bias

Information Bias

Selection Bias

400

What is the term for the ability to test correctly to identify true positives?

Sensitivity

400

What is the term for the  consistent, reproducible error that is not determined by chance

Systematic error

500

If a 95% confidence interval is wide (imprecise) how can one narrow the confidence interval to make it more precise?

Increase the sample size
500

What is the term to describe an observation that is not real, a false observation?

Spurious association

500

If a variable is stratified and the stratum-specific measurements are the same but different from the crude value, what is this an example of?

Confounding

500

This value refers to the probability that a person with a positive test actually as the outcome`

Positive Predictive Outcome

500

This term describes when participants’ behavior changes as a result of their knowledge of being in a study

Hawthorne Effect