PFT
Normal FEV1/FVC value in healthy adults.
What is ≥ 70%?
The number one cause of COPD
What is cigarette smoking?
The most prevalent type of asthma.
What is allergic (atopic/extrinsic) asthma?
Moat common cause of bronchiectasis in the US.
What is cystic fibrosis?
Primary lung structure affected in ILD.
What is pulmonary interstitium?
Air trapping is a characteristic of this disease pattern.
What is obstructive lung disease?
“Pink puffers” are typically associated with this condition.
What is emphysema?
This antibody is commonly elevated in asthma.
What is IgE?
Common organism causing recurrent lung infections.
What is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Characteristic breath sounds heard at lung bases.
What are fine inspiratory crackles?
This test measures gas transfer across the alveolar-capillary membrane.
What is DLCO?
Chronic productive cough for at least 3 months over 2 consecutive years.
What is chronic bronchitis?
Three main contributors to airway narrowing in asthma.
What are airway inflammation, edema, and mucus production?
Physical finding caused by chronic hypoxemia.
What is digital clubbing?
Classic end-stage imaging findings of ILD.
What is honeycombing?
This disease shows normal flow shape but reduced lung volumes.
What is restrictive lung disease?
Peripheral edema, JVD, and ascites indicated this complication.
What is cor pulmonale?
What is airway remodeling?
This differentiates bronchiectasis from asthma.
What is irreversible airway damage?
Most common ILD of unknown cause.
What is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
The strongest predictor of airflow obstruction.
What is FEV1/FVC ratio?
ABG pattern during an acute COPD exacerbation
What is partially compensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia (ACUTE on CHRONIC hypercapnia)?
ABG finding in severe asthma indication ventilatory failure.
What is respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia?
Circular opacities seen on CT representing dilated bronchi
What are ring shadows?
End result of advanced ILD affecting alveoli.
What is irreversible alveolar destruction?