ANS Basics
This nervous system controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, airway tone, and gland secretions.
What is Automatic Nervous System (ANS)?
This receptor is founded at the neuromuscular junction and binds acetylcholine.
What is a nicotonic receptor?
The parasympathetic nervous system is commonly known as this.
What is “Rest and digest”?
The sympathetic nervous system is commonly known as this.
What is “Fight or flight”?
This bronchodilator is a beta-2 agonist commonly used for asthma and COPD.
What is albuterol?
How many neuron junctions are involved in automatic conduction?
What is a two-junction system?
Activation of this receptor causes tachycardia and increased contractility.
What is Beta-1?
What are cholinergic agonists?
Beta-1 stimulation causes t his effect on heart rate.
What is increased heart rate (tachycardia)?
This anticholinergic bronchodilator is marketed as Atrovent.
What is ipratropium bromide?
The junction between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons is called this.
What is a ganglion?
Activation of this receptor causes bronchodilation.
What is Beta-2?
Methacholine is used for this pulmonary diagnostic test.
What is the methacholine challenge test?
Alpha receptor stimulation causes this effect on blood vessels.
What is vasoconstriction?
This medication is used to treat symptomatic bradycardia by blocking muscarinic receptors.
What is atropine?
The neurotransmitter released by all preganglionic automatic neurons.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
Activation of this receptor causes vasoconstriction.
What is Alpha-1?
This drug inhibits acetylcholinesterase and is used in myasthenia gravis.
What is neostigmine?
This catecholamine stimulates alpha, beta, and other adrenergic receptors during emergencies.
What is epinephrine?
Name either of the neuromuscular blockers that act as nicotinic antagonists.
What are rocuronium or vecuronium?
The neurotransmitter released by postganglionic sympathetic neurons.
What is norepinephrine (NE)?
These muscarinic receptors are associated with bronchconstriction.
What are M1 and M3 receptors?
Name four common side effects of anticholinergic medications.
Confusion, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth, dry eyes, or blurry vision.
Beta-blockers produce the opposite effect of beta-1 stimulation by causing this cardiovascular response.
This alpha-1 agonist is commonly used as a vasopressor and nasal decongestant.
What is phenylephrine?