Tsar & Power
Who is Nicholas II?
This ruler came to power in 1894 and believed firmly in autocracy.
What is Bloody Sunday?
This peaceful protest in January 1905 ended in violence.
What is the February Revolution?
This revolution in March 1917 led to the abdication of Nicholas II.
What is WW1
Russia entered this major European conflict in 1914.
What is the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party?
This Marxist party split into two factions in 1903.
What is the Okhrana?
This secret police force suppressed opposition under the Tsar.
What is the October Manifesto?
This document promised civil liberties after 1905 unrest.
What is the Provisional Government?
This government replaced the Tsar but struggled to maintain control.
What is the Russo-Japanese War?
This war (1904–05) exposed Russia’s military weakness and contributed to unrest.
Who are the Bolsheviks?
This radical faction, led by Lenin, believed in a small, disciplined revolutionary party.
What is autocracy?
This political system meant the Tsar ruled with absolute power.
What is the Duma?
This new representative assembly was created after 1905.
What is Dual Power?
This system described shared authority between the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet.
What was the Great Retreat?
This military failure in 1915 led Nicholas II to take personal command of the army.
This more moderate faction believed Russia needed a broader membership party.
Who is the Tsarina?
Tsarina Alexandra led the government while the Tsar was in the front lines. She was stubborn and created more problems for the government.
What are the Soviets?
This group of workers’ councils first appeared in 1905.
Who is Lenin?
This Bolshevik leader returned to Russia in April 1917 with radical ideas.
What was taking personal command of the army?
This decision by Nicholas II in 1915 weakened the monarchy’s political authority.
Who are the Socialist Revolutionaries?
This socialist group focused mainly on peasant support and used terrorism.
This advisor gained influence over the royal family due to his supposed healing powers.
Who is Stolypin?
This Prime Minister attempted reforms after 1905 but was assassinated in 1911.
What is the October Revolution?
This revolution in November 1917 brought the Bolsheviks to power.
What were food shortages/inflation/transportation breakdowns?
This was one major economic consequence of World War I that contributed to the February Revolution.
Who are the Kadets?
This liberal political group wanted constitutional reform and supported a parliamentary system.