US Rev
Explain the Stamp Act and date— what was it and what did it lead to
Stamp Act (1765) — First direct tax on colonists; required stamps on paper goods. Led to “No taxation without representation.”
Act (1765) — Tax on paper goods; led to boycotts and “No taxation without representation.”
Who was Thomas Paine, and how did Common Sense influence independence (date)?
Thomas Paine — Wrote Common Sense (1776); urged independence using Enlightenment logic.
What was the Russo-Japanese War (date), and how did it weaken Tsarism?
Russo-Japanese War (1904–05) — Russia’s defeat undermined Tsar’s authority.
First western nation to lose
exposed significant flaws in infrastructure
Who was Tsar Nicholas II, and how did his leadership contribute to revolution?
Weak and autocratic; failed reforms, military blunders.
What economic or social continuity existed between Tsarist Russia and early Bolshevik rule?
Continuity: Authoritarian control persisted under Bolsheviks.
What happened at the Boston Tea Party (provide date) and how did Britain respond?
Boston Tea Party (1773) — Protest against Tea Act; Britain passed Coercive Acts in response.
Explain George Washington’s leadership style and its impact on unity.
George Washington — Unified the Continental Army; modeled civic virtue and restraint.
-Crossing the Delaware
Describe Bloody Sunday (date)— what happened and what did it lead to?
Bloody Sunday (1905) — Peaceful protest shot by troops; sparked 1905 Revolution.
Bloody Nicholas
October manifesto
Explain Lenin’s April Theses (date) — what did he demand?
Peace, Bread, Land”; demanded end to war, Soviet power.
How did the experience of war shape both revolutions?
War’s impact: Both revolutions caused by or worsened through wartime hardship (WWI, 7 Years War).
Describe the Battles of Lexington and Concord (date) and why they were significant.
Lexington & Concord (1775) — First battles; sparked war for independence.
Battle of Bunker Hill/Powder Alarms
Describe King George III’s role in worsening colonial tensions.
King George III — Rejected compromise (olive branch); symbol of tyranny.
Explain the February Revolution (date) — its causes and consequences.
February Revolution (1917) — Caused by WWI failures; Tsar abdicated.
Strikes in Petrograd
No fuel, coal and food
Describe Trotsky’s role during the Civil War.
Organized the Red Army; vital to Civil War victory.
What change did the Enlightenment bring to governance in the colonies?
America shifted from monarchy to republican institutions; political legitimacy now based on popular consent.
Explain the Battle of Saratoga (date) — why was it a turning point?
Battle of Saratoga (1777) — U.S. victory convinced France to join the war; turning point.
What Enlightenment ideals influenced Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence
Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness; influenced by Locke’s natural rights.
Explain the October Revolution (date)how did the Bolsheviks seize power?
List each event from Lenin's return
April Theses
June Offensive
July Days
Kornilov Affair
MRC formed
Storming of Winter's palace
Explain the use of terror under the Cheka — what continuity does this show?
Cheka — Secret police; used terror like Tsarist Okhrana (continuity in repression)
Identify one continuity between the Provisional Government and Tsarist autocracy.
Provisional Government retained war involvement and some bureaucratic structures; limited reforms.
Identify the Treaty of Paris (date) — what did it achieve and what tensions remained?
Treaty of Paris (1783) — Ended war; recognized U.S. independence; unresolved tensions over Loyalists and debts.
Explain the continuity and change in American political leadership from 1776 to 1789.
Continuity: elites retained power; Change: elected government replaced monarchy.
Identify the Kronstadt Rebellion (1921) — what caused it and what change did it prompt?
rebelled over harsh policies; led to introduction of NEP (change).
Compare Lenin and Stalin’s approaches to consolidating power — what changed
Lenin used limited NEP; Stalin centralized power, eliminated rivals (change).
Evaluate how the revolution’s goals changed over time in either Russia or America.
Russian Revolution shifted from ideals of workers’ control and equality to consolidation of Bolshevik power; American Revolution shifted from independence to building a functioning, stable government while retaining elite influence.