Personalities
Who is a member of the triumvirate that starts with J
What does the NEP stand for?
New Economic Policy
What is the last name of coal miner that mined fourteen times his daily quota in a single shift?
What is a name of a totalitarian leader from another country during this time period that is not Hitler?
Benito Mussolini
Who wrote the Communist Manifesto?
Karl Marx
Who died in 1924?
What are two impacts of War Communism?
1. Famine
2. Collapse of agriculture and industry
Who were the Kulaks?
Richer peasants who owned independent farms in the countryside
What is a problem with the T-Model?
What are the two differing ideologies during the power struggle.
1. Permanent Revolution
2. Socialism in One Country
Nikolai Bukharin
What did Order No. 00447 allow the govt to do?
Allowed the immediate arrest, removal and execution of all enemies of the state.
What was collectivisation and why?
To replace small, privately owned farms with large state-controlled farms. To improve agricultural supply and government control of the countryside
How does Leninism differ to Marxism?
1. Capitalism and industrialised countries would revolutionise over agrarian/underdeveloped countries (Marxism).
2. Vanguard of the party vs spontaneous revolution by the working class.
3. Temporary dictatorship of the Proletariat vs permanent control
1. Joseph Stalin
2. Lev Kamenev
3. Grigory Zinoviev
Name four groups that Order No.00485 targeted.
- Anyone with foreign contact
- Ethnic groups
- Former Socialist Revolutionaries
- Jehovah's Witnesses, Baptists
- Engineers
- Police, prison staff, professors and students
Explain Stalin's master plan
1. Government take control of all independent farms and turn them into large state owned farms.
2. Increased technology would be used on the collective farms
3. This would increase output
4. Grain would be sold overseas to achieve capital.
5. Capital would be used to industrialise the country.
What are the positive and negative aspects of Stalinism?
Positive:
- attempt at classless society
- rapid industrial growth
- Improvement in education
Negative:
- one-party dictatorship
- forced collectivisation
- famine
- harsh working conditions
- terror
- restriction of human rights
Provide an overview of why Leon Trotsky did not end up becoming leader of the USSR by the late 1920s?
- Stalin's control of the party machine
- Personality failings
- Differing ideologies and not understanding the mood of the country.
Outline the success and failures of each five year plan
1. Success and failure: Increase in production in all areas. Failed to reach unrealistic targets, high human cost.
2. Significant industrial growth - and construction of the Moscow Metro. Failure in still ongoing shortages in household goods, pressure on workers to meet targets and work ethic.
3. Cut short by WWII, focused on military production in prep for war. Weakened by mass purges by Stalin, consumer goods still in short supply.
What are the six characteristics of the T-Model?
Single Ideology
Single Party Rule
Terrorising Police Force
Centrally controlled military
Centrally planned economy
Tight control of communication