Causes of the Revolution
What were two causes of the Russian Revolution?
Economic struggles, political oppression, social inequality, etc.
Who was the ruler of Russia at the start of the revolution?
Czar Nicholas II
What revolution led to the abdication of Czar Nicholas II?
March Revolution 1917
What temporary government was established after the Czar stepped down?
Provisional Duma
What country was formed after the Bolsheviks won the Civil War?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics - USSR
What was Bloody Sunday?
Peaceful protest for food that turned into a massacre
Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks?
Vladimir Lenin
What slogan did Lenin use to gain popularity?
Peace, Land, and Bread
What was Lenin’s economic policy that included capitalist elements?
New Economic Policy - NEP
What did Stalin do to industrialize the Soviet Union?
Instituted Five-Year Plans
What war did Russia lose in 1905, leading to humiliation?
Russo-Japanese War
Who was Rasputin, and why was he significant?
A mystic who influenced Czarina Alexandra
What event led to the execution of Nicholas II and his family?
The Bolshevik Revolution/Red Guards execution in 1918
How was Stalin’s command economy different from Lenin’s policies?
No capitalism, government-controlled everything
What was the Ukrainian famine (Holodomor), and why did it happen?
A man-made famine caused by Stalin’s policies
What social class did Karl Marx refer to as the "haves" and "have-nots"?
Bourgeoisie & Proletariat
Who were the two key figures fighting for power after Lenin's death?
Leon Trotsky & Josef Stalin
What war did Russia pull out of after Lenin took power?
World War I
What was collectivization?
Forcing peasants onto government-run farms
How did Stalin use propaganda to maintain control?
Posters, statues, censorship, control over media, etc
What problems existed in Russia's economy before the revolution?
Agricultural struggles, medieval farming, industrial backwardness, food shortages, etc.
What happened to Trotsky after he lost the power struggle?
Exiled and later assassinated in Mexico in 1940
Who were the Red Guards and White Guards?
Reds = Bolsheviks, Whites = Loyalists to the Czar
What was the Great Purge?
Stalin’s mass execution and exile of political enemies
What was Russification?
Forcing Russian culture onto ethnic minorities in the USSR