Causes of Revolution
This 1905 event, where troops fired on peaceful protesters, destroyed the people's trust in Tsar Nicholas ll.
What is Bloody Sunday?
He was the last Tsar of Russia, whose reign ended with his abdication in March 1917.
Who is Tsar Nicholas II?
This 300-year-old dynasty came to an end following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in March 1917.
What is the Romanov Dynasty?
The primary, official religion of Imperial Russia that supported the Tsar's autocracy.
What is the Russian Orthodox Church?
In December 1922, the union of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the Transcaucasus resulted in the formation of this state.
What is the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)?
The vast majority of Russians (over 80%) before the revolution belonged to this social class.
What are peasants?
He was the leader of the Bolshevik Party and became the first head of government of Soviet Russia in 1917.
Who is Vladimir Lenin?
The February Revolution began spontaneously in this capital city.
What is St. Petersburg?
Following their 1861 emancipation, many peasants were forced to pay these, a debt that lasted until 1907.
What are Redemption Payments?
The "War Communism" policy implemented during the Civil War saw the state take control of the entire economy and forcibly seize this from peasants.
What is Grain?
This massive conflict resulted in high casualties, food shortages, and the collapse of the Russian army.
What is World War l?
Known as the "Mad Monk," this mystic healer gained significant influence over Empress Alexandra and the Romanov family.
Who is Grigori Rasputin?
Vladimir Lenin’s slogan "Peace, Land, and Bread" directly addressed the failures of the Provisional Government and called for all power to be given to these local worker councils.
What are the Soviets?
The Russian working class (the urban factory workers) was known by this Marxist term.
What is the Proletariat?
Following his rise to power, Stalin introduced this type of economic plan to forcibly and rapidly industrialize the nation.
What is the Five-Year Plan?
This 1905 document issued by Nicholas ll promised civil liberties and an elected Parliament to appease protesters.
What is the October Manifesto?
This socialist lawyer led the Provisional Government between the February and October Revolutions in 1917.
Who is Alexander Kerensky?
In August 1917, this Tsarist military commander attempted to launch a coup against the Provisional Government, which actually strengthened the Bolsheviks.
Who is Lavr Kornilov?
Before 1861, peasants were in this state, meaning they were the legal property of the landowner.
What is Serfdom?
This 1920–1921 conflict was a major post-revolution war where the Soviet Union attempted to expand communism into eastern Europe.
What is the Polish-Soviet War?
The Tsar was forced to abdicate after losing the support of this crucial group.
What is the Military?
This leader founded the Red Army and served as the chief organizer of the Bolshevik military victory.
Who is Leon Trotsky?
Following the October revolution, the Bolsheviks negotiated with Germany to exit World War I, signing this treaty in March 1918.
What is the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Nicholas II took personal command of the military in this year, losing all support for his ability to rule.
What is 1915?
This 30-year-old Georgian-born general secretary of the party managed to defeat Leon Trotsky in the power struggle following Lenin's death in 1924.
Who is Joseph Stalin?