Corticosteroids
Respiratory
Respiratory
Thyroid/ Anti-thyroid
Adrenergic
Beta-Adrenergic Blocking
Antihyperlipidemics
Antihypertensives
Anti Anginals
Anticoagulants
Anti TB
Cardiotonics
100
Which of the following clients would be prescribed prednisone? Select 3
a. a 45-year-old woman with severe arthritis
b. a 12-year-old male with Chron's disease
c. a 24-year-old female with a fungal infection
d. a 30-year-old male with asthma
a, b, and d
Corticosteroids (prednisone) are contraindicated and should not be administered to anyone with an active or recent fungal infection.
100
The nurse is caring for a patient who has diphenhydramine ordered for sleep as needed at bedtime. The client receives an antibiotic and breaks out into an itchy rash. The nurse's priority action is to
a. Administer the dose of diphenhydramine, since it is ordered as a prn medication
b. Assess the client's airway
c. Administer emergency Epinephrine I.M.
b. Assess the client's airway
Assessing the client's airway for swelling is important during an allergic reaction.
The nurse needs an order to administer the diphenhydramine for any other reason.
The client has a rash. There is no indication that there is an anaphylactic reaction requiring epinephrine.
100
Beta 2-adrenergic receptors are responsible for bronchodilation. (a sympathetic nervous system response). Considering this, the nurse knows that bronchodilators such as Albuterol or Salmeterol have which side effect?
a. constipation
b. excess salivation
c. tachycardia
d. vasodilation
c. tachycardia
100
A client taking levothyroxine has accidentally been taking double the dose. Which of the following symptoms is she most likely experiencing?
a. constipation, intolerance to cold
b. bradycardia, dry skin
c. tachycardia, insomnia, and weight loss
c. tachycardia, insomnia, and weight loss
These are all symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
Metabolism is increased too much, releasing increased ATP (energy) and heat.
100
Select the ions that play critical roles in cardiac conduction: (select 3)
a. Chloride
b. Sodium
c. Calcium
d. Potassium
b, c, and d
cardiac conductive cells do not have a stable resting potential.
They have Na+ channels that allow influx of Na+ to infuse in and help the membrane potential to rise slowly to cause spontaneous depolarization.
Ca+ enters the cell causing more depolarization.
K+ channels open to repolarize when Ca+ channels close.
100
Which of the following medication is a Beta-adrenergic Blocker?
a. lisinopril
b. clonidine
c. atenolol
c. atenolol
100
Hyperlipidemia increases the risk for:
a. death caused by heart attack or stroke
b. liver failure
c. diabetes
a. death caused by heart attack or stroke
100
Prior to the administration of an antihypertensive, the priority assessment by the LVN is:
a. temperature
b. blood pressure
c. bowel sounds
d. pupil response
b. blood pressure
100
Pain to the chest caused by inadequate flow to the myocardium is called:
a. hypertension
b. angina
c. heart failure
d. hyperlipidemia
b. angina
100
The nurse is caring for a client at high risk for myocardial infarction (MI). The physician states he will order an antiplatelet medication. The LVN anticipates an order for:
a. Warfarin
b. Heparin
c. Enoxaparin
d. Clopidogrel
d. Clopidogrel
100
Jenny, LVN receives an email from her employer that she has been exposed to a patient with TB. The patient tested positive from which definitive exam?
a. Manitoux skin test
b. sputum culture
c. chest X-ray
b. sputum culture
100
A contraindication to administering a medication is if the client:
a. doesn't like the taste
b. is on two other prescription medications
c. has a hypersensitivity to the medication
d. is unconscious
c. has a hypersensitivity to the medication
a hypersensitivity is an allergic reaction
200
A type II Diabetic client is at her routine endocrinology appointment. Her physician notes that her glycosylated hemoglobin increased from 7% to 9%. Which medications on the patient's list indicate an interaction?
a. metformin and insulin lispro
b. glipizide and regular insulin
c. metformin and prednisone
c. metformin and prednisone
Prednisone increased blood glucose. The client may need an increased dose of metformin or supplemental medication while taking prednisone.
200
The LVN is caring for a client with severe nasal congestion. She knows a medication to stimulate adrenergic receptors to release norepinephrine to cause vasoconstriction and help shrink nasal mucosal membranes is needed. Which does she choose?
a. corticosteroid
b. mucolytic
c. decongestant
d. antitussive
c. decongestant
this will allow air passages to open, and the client will breathe better through their nasal passages. Because they stimulate adrenergic (fight or flight) receptors, they are contraindicated for clients with high blood pressure or cardiac disorders.
200
Medications that have similar effects as the sympathetic nervous system are called:
a. cholinergic
b. parasympathetic
c. sympathomimetic
c. sympathomimetic
200
The LVN is providing teaching for a client who has been prescribed levothyroxine. Which instructions are correct? Select 3
a. Take the medication at the same time every day on an empty stomach.
b. You can slowly taper this medication when your hypothyroidism has been cured.
c. Notify your provider for headache, diarrhea, sweating, or heat tolerance
d. You will need to follow-up frequently for serum thyroid blood levels to be drawn.
a, c, and d
There is no cure for hypothyroidism and the patient should be taught that this medication therapy will be lifelong.
200
Adrenergic receptor activation causes which 2 to occur?
a. vasoconstriction
b. vasodilation
c. bronchoconstriction
d. bronchodilation
a. vasoconstriction and d. bronchodilation
200
Atenolol (beta blocker) causes the patient to experience: (select 2)
a. decreased heart rate
b. vasodilation
c. vasoconstriction
d. hypertension
a. decreased heart rate and b. vasodilation
200
The LVN is teaching a client with hyperlipidemia. The client demonstrates understanding when he states:
a. If I exercise more, this will help to increase my LDL cholesterol
b. a high-fat diet, high-carbohydrate diet will help to reduce my total cholesterol levels
c. Elevated LDL cholesterol contributes to my risk for heart attack or stroke.
c. Elevated LDL cholesterol contributes to my risk for heart attack or stroke.
200
Which of the following are classes of antihypertensive medications?
a. HMG CO-A reductase inhibitors
b. Calcium channel blockers
c. Beta Blockers
d. ACE inhibitors
b, c, and d
200
The LVN is caring for a client experiencing angina. She is waiting for the provider's medication order. She knows which of the following medication classes can be used: (select 3)
a. Nitrates
b. Diuretics
c. Beta Blockers
d. Calcium Channel Blockers
a, c, and d
Nitrates promote vasodilation of coronary veins and arteries.
Beta Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers decrease the workload of the heart and decrease oxygen requirements of the heart.
200
The client taking clopidogrel daily asks the LVN how this medication prevents blood clots. The nurse responds correctly when she states:
a. it interferes with the clotting cascade by blocking clotting factors from being made.
b. it adds water to your blood to make it thinner
c. it prevents platelets from aggregating/agglutinating or clumping together to form a clot.
d. it blocks calcium which is needed for clotting
c. Clopidogrel prevents platelets from aggregating/agglutinating or clumping together to form a clot.
200
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. This pathogen is
a. a virus
b. a bacteria
c. a fungus
b. a bacteria
200
Which of the following is a cardiotonic medication?
a. warfarin
b. digoxin
c. atorvastatin
d. levothyroxine
b. digoxin
300
The nurse is teaching a patient and their family about the adverse effects of prednisone. She is correct when she includes which 5 of the following?
a. decreased appetite
b. mood swings
c. weight loss
d. development of fat pads on the upper back
e. excess fat to cheeks creating a "moon face" appearance
f. drowsiness
g. increased blood glucose levels
h. increased risk for infection
b, d, e, g, h
insomnia, weight gain, and increased appetite are also adverse effects.
300
A client is going home with instructions to take diphenhydramine every 6 hours for the next 48 hours. The client demonstrates understanding when she states:
a. "I take the next couple of days off from my ride share job, so that I don't drive."
b. "I'm going to Vegas for a girl's weekend. I'll make sure to take my medicine while I'm having drinking margaritas and cosmos!"
c. "I'll make sure to take my pain medication at the same time, so that I don't forget to take my meds."
a. "I take the next couple of days off from my ride share job, so that I don't drive."
300
A client taking an anticholinergic inhaled mediation such as Ipratropium may experience:
a. excessive crying and tears
b. dry mouth
c. overactive urinary flow
b. dry mouth
anticholinergic is the opposite of cholinergic effects (parasympathetic)
Decreased salivation, decreased bladder emptying, decreased lacrimal gland production of tears
300
The client taking propylthiouracil (PTU) calls the clinic and tells the LVN that for the past few days, they feel flu-like symptoms, sore throat, and now have a fever. The nurse advises the patient to:
a. come to the clinic immediately for a complete blood count lab (CBC)
b. take over-the-counter medications and call back in 72 hours if the fever persists.
c. look in the mirror and tell her if their eyes and skin look yellow
a. come to the clinic immediately for a complete blood count lab
PTU causes agranulocytosis, which is a lack of WBC (granulocytes such as neutrophils). A CBC would find this, and the patient would need antibiotics and possible medications to help the immune system. It's urgent, because the patient could become septic.
300
An adrenergic receptor agonist
a. stimulates the sympathetic nervous system
b. stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system
a. stimulates the sympathetic nervous system
300
The LVN is caring for a client taking propranolol. Which information on the client's chart would prompt a call to the physician. (select 3)
a. history of asthma
b. history of hypertension
c. history of heart block
d. history of chronic bradycardia
a, c, d
300
Which of the following is a class of hyperlipidemia medications?
a. MAO inhibitors
b. Beta Blockers
c. Calcium Channel Blockers
d. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
d. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
HMG-CoA reductase is an enzyme that helps to make cholesterol. So, inhibitors block this action.
These medications also have a nickname "Statins"
ex: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin
300
Which of the following ions is responsible for entering cardiac cells to depolarize the cells and stimulate the myocardium for a powerful contraction for increased cardiac output?
a. potassium
b. magnesium
c. calcium
c. calcium
300
The LVN is preparing to administer Nitroglycerin to a client with angina. She is reviewing the client's home medications and becomes concerned when she sees a medication for:
a. hypertension
b. coronary artery disease
c. erectile dysfunction
d. pain
c. erectile dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction medications, such as sildenafil, cause vasodilation. Nitrates also cause vasodilation, and the interaction of these medications could be dangerous.
300
The nurse is educating the patient about the adverse effects of aspirin. The client demonstrates the need for more education when he states:
a. I will be at a higher risk for bleeding.
b. I will need to hold my aspirin for a week, or several days before and after surgery.
c. Tinnitus or ringing in my ears is normal with aspirin therapy.
d. I will use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor while on aspirin therapy.
c. Tinnitus or ringing in my ears is normal with aspirin therapy.
300
Medications used to treat tuberculosis are (select all that apply):
a. Ipratropium
b. Isoniazid
c. Remicade
d. Rifampin
b and d
Isoniazid and Rifampin
300
The LVN is doing patient teaching with a client going home on digoxin. The client demonstrates understanding when he states:
a. "I should expect to have some visual disturbances, such as seeing halos with my medication, and this is normal."
b. "I can take OTC cold medicines and antacids as much as I want with this medication."
c. "I will check my pulse before each dose. I will hold the medication and call my doctor if my pulse is below 60 bpm."
c. "I will check my pulse before each dose. I will hold the medication and call my doctor if my pulse is below 60 bpm."
400
Ms. S is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid, Fluticasone. The nurse finds that Ms. S needs more teaching about her medication when she states:
a. "This medication is a steroid that will help me breathe better."
b. "I will rinse my mouth after each use to prevent a fungal mouth infection."
c. " This medication will also help my glaucoma"
c. " This medication will also help my glaucoma. "
400
Which of the following is categorized as an oral decongestant?
a. pseudoephedrine
b. diphenhydramine
c. guaifenesin
d. epinephrine
a. pseudoephedrine
400
A client taking an inhaled corticosteroid for her asthma reports a sore throat and white patches on her tongue. The LVN suspects:
a. dental caries (cavities)
b. thrush/candidiasis- an oral fungal infection
c. lactose intolerance
b. thrush/candidiasis- an oral fungal infection
400
The LVN is preparing to administer this medication. She compares the label to the MAR. The MAR reads: Levothyroxine 0.025 mg by mouth daily at 0600. What does the nurse do next?
a. Call the provider for clarification of the dose.
b. Give the medication at 6:00 pm in the evening.
c. Continue the rest of the 6 rights checks and administer the medication.
c. 0.025mg is the same as 25mcg
400
The LVN works in the Emergency Department. She is preparing medications and supplies with the RN for a client. Which client would require an adrenergic medication?
a. a woman in labor who needs a c-section
b. a hypotensive gunshot victim who is bleeding
c. a 53-year-old with hypertension and severe headache
d. a 35-year-old with severe constipation
b. a hypotensive gunshot victim who is bleeding
Adrenergic medications such as epinephrine will cause a sympathetic response (fight or flight).
Vasoconstriction, increase of blood pressure, increase of heart rate, bronchodilation.
400
The LVN is preparing to administer atenolol to her client. He prioritizes which assessment before administration?
a. pain level
b. radial pulse for 30 seconds
c. temperature
d. apical pulse for 60 seconds
d. apical pulse for 60 seconds
blood pressure would also be important to check prior to administration
400
The nurse is providing instructions for a client taking atorvastatin. Which are included?
a. Do not take this medication with grapefruit juice.
b. Call the doctor immediately if you experience severe muscle pain and tea-colored urine.
c. There are no GI adverse effects with this medication.
d. Do not take if you become pregnant or are breastfeeding.
a, b, d.
Atorvastatin also causes nausea and diarrhea
400
The LVN explains to the student nurse that amlodipine and diltiazem are:
a. ACE inhibitors that block angiotensin-converting enzyme
b. Beta Blockers that block sympathetic symptoms
c.c. Calcium channel blockers that prevent calcium flow into the cells to prevent contraction of the heart muscle
c. Calcium channel blockers that prevent calcium flow into the cells to prevent contraction of the heart muscle
400
The nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin paste to a patient. Before she applies the topical medication, she makes sure to:
a. Assess the patient's ability to swallow
b. Wear gloves
c. Choose an area on the skin with the most hair
d. Choose an area of the skin that is sweaty or wet from the shower
b. Wear gloves
It is important for nurses to wear gloves when handling nitroglycerin paste to prevent absorption to their own tissues.
400
Before initiating heparin or warfarin therapy, to ensure patient safety, the nurse should check the patient's chart to see that the physician:
a. obtained consent for the therapy
b. ordered a baseline PTT or PT lab
c. spent at least 30 minutes consulting with the patient
b. ordered a baseline PTT or PT lab
400
Mr. B is on Isoniazid and Rifampin therapy. He reports feeling numbness and tingling to his extremities. The LVN knows that these symptoms can be contributed to:
a. Rifampin
b. Isoniazid
c. Mr. B not taking his medications
b. Isoniazid
400
Which of the following medications is a cardiac glycoside?
a. furosemide
b. metoprolol
c. diltiazem
d. digoxin/ digitalis
d. digoxin/ digitalis
500
A 40-year-old female with Lupus is prescribed prednisone. To prevent adverse skeletal effects of osteoporosis, she:
a. gets Botox injections to her face
b. makes sure to eat a balanced diet and takes Calcium and Vitamin D supplements
c. increases her intake of caffeine and alcohol
d. begins non-weight bearing exercise and joins a swim class.
b. makes sure to eat a balanced diet and takes Calcium and Vitamin D supplements
500
Which of the following is true about first-generation antihistamines? (select all that apply)
a. they block H1 receptors
b. they are used to treat allergic reactions
c. they may cause dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation
d. they work best when combined with alcohol or sleep medication for increased comfort
a, b, and c
They block H1 histamine and decrease smooth muscle constriction in blood vessels, respiratory, and GI tracts. They can cause decreased salivation and urinary retention.
500
Oxymetazoline is a nasal decongestant. The nurse on the telephone triage line is correct when she tells the client (select all that apply).
a. Take this medication for only 14 days as often as needed for nasal congestion.
b. Take this medication as directed, and only for 2-3 days.
c. Do not use this medication if you have a history of narrow-angle glaucoma.
d. You may experience rebound congestion and make it worse if you overuse this medication.
b, c, and d
500
The nurse is preparing to administer propylthiouracil (PTU) but she does not remember the mechanism of action. She looks it up and finds:
a. PTU is a replacement for thyroid hormone T4.
b. PTU reduces the amount of calcium in the blood.
c. PTU inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
c. PTU inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
500
The LVN is teaching a patient with a newly discovered peanut allergy. The child will go home with an emergency Epinephrine injection pen. The LVN prioritizes
a. Telling the parents and client that there is no need for an allergy bracelet
b. planning a visit to the client's classroom as a guest speaker to make sure other kids don't bring peanuts
c. Watching a return demonstration by the parents of injection using a trainer pen.
c. Watching a return demonstration by the parents of injection using a trainer pen.
500
The LVN is preparing to administer metoprolol. Which data below would cause the nurse to hold the medication and call the physician?
a. apical pulse 78
b. Systolic BP 78
c. history of tachycardia
b. systolic BP 78
500
The LVN is providing patient teaching about dietary changes to a client with hyperlipidemia prescribed atorvastatin. She correctly includes:
a. Grapefruit juice will help your medication work better.
b. Increasing saturated fats and fried foods will help prevent stomach upset.
c. Avoid full-fat dairy, whole milk, cream, and butter
c. Avoid full-fat dairy, whole milk, cream, and butter
500
Which of the following statements are true about lisinopril? (select 3)
a. it is an ACE inhibitor that prevents angiotensin from being converted and interrupts the RAAS system
b. it works to increase fluid volume and blood pressure
c. a common side effect is a dry cough
d. there is a risk of hyperkalemia
a, c, d
500
The LVN in the emergency department is caring for a client who was just in an MVA (motor vehicle accident). The client has a history of angina and is experiencing chest pain. The LVN is careful to wait for which 2 statements to be confirmed:
a. the patient has no history of CAD (coronary artery disease)
b. the patient has no history of MI (myocardial infarction)
c. the patient has no evidence of intracranial bleeding or increased intracranial pressure
d. the patient has no evidence of circulatory failure or hypotension
c and d
if the client has increased intracranial pressure or a bleed, vasodilation from the nitrate could cause increased bleeding
if the client is hypotensive or in circulatory failure, vasodilation could worsen the situation
500
The LVN is caring for a client who has been receiving Warfarin. The client is experiencing bleeding gums, vomiting blood, and decreased blood pressure. The nurse anticipates an order for:
a. Protamine Sulfate
b. Activated Charcoal
c. nitroglycerin
d. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin K
This is the antidote for Warfarin. It reverses the medication and promotes coagulation to stop the bleeding.
Patients on warfarin who have a healthy therapeutic response should limit their Vitamin K intake. (Green leafy vegetables, dietary supplements)
500
Mr. B's is taking Isoniazid. He demonstrates understanding of the adverse effects when he states:
a. I will contact my physician if I have pain in my right upper abdomen or notice yellowing of my eyes and skin.
b. I will contact my physician if my urine turns red.
c. I will contact my physician if I have ringing in my ears.
d. I will contact my physician if I have difficulty swallowing and a sore throat.
a. I will contact my physician if I have pain in my right upper abdomen or notice yellowing of my eyes and skin.
500
The E.D. nurse is obtaining a history from a client with a history of heart arrhythmia. The client states they were in the hospital six months ago with digitalis toxicity. The nurse knows that:
a. If digoxin is ordered for this client, the prescriber will need to order at a lower dose for this client.
b. The client will need to take this medication with an anticoagulant to receive the full benefits.
c. This client should never be prescribed digoxin again.
c. This client should never be prescribed digoxin again.
600
Which would the LVN consider an adverse finding requiring urgent assessment if reported by a client taking corticosteroids?
a. Insomnia x 1 night
b. Weight gain of 5 pounds in 2 days
c. Oily skin and acne
d. Purple striae on abdomen
b. Weight gain of 5 pounds in 2 days
600
John, LVN's client has a dry, nonproductive cough and is unable to sleep. The client requests a medication. John knows his client needs a medication that depresses the cough center in the medulla oblongata. Which should John choose?
a. diphenhydramine (antihistamine)
b. guaifenesin (expectorant)
c. dextromethorphan (antitussive)
c. dextromethorphan
600
The LVN is caring for a 72-year-old patient with pneumonia. The patient is on 2L O2 via nasal cannula. She complains of pain 8/10 with her cough. The physician orders codeine for her discomfort and cough. The nurse's priority is to:
a. Ask the physician for an order for acetaminophen instead, since this is an older adult patient.
b. Increase the client's O2 from 2L to 4L since the codeine will make her sleepy
c. Ask the client if she's ever had an addiction to opiates
d. Obtain vital signs and oxygen saturation before administering medication
d. Obtain vital signs and oxygen saturation before administering medication
As long as the medication is a safe dose, the client does not have any contraindications or allergies, and their vital signs and respiratory status are stable, the nurse should administer the medication and continue to monitor for adverse effects.
600
PTU and Levothyroxine are both:
a. administered subcutaneously
b. administered intramuscularly
c. administered orally
c. administered orally
600
The LVN in an acute care setting notices her patient with facial swelling, audible wheezing, and coughing five minutes after she began the first dose of their IV antibiotic. Which is the correct order of her actions?
a. Go to the nurse's station and ask for help, check vital signs, administer epinephrine, stop the infusion
b. Administer epinephrine, stop the infusion, call for help, assess the airway
c. Stay with the patient, Stop the infusion, Assess Airway, and prepare to give Epinephrine
c. Stay with the patient, Stop the infusion, Assess Airway, prepare to give Epinephrine
600
Beta adrenergic blockers:
a. increase stimulation of the SA node to increase the heart rate
b. decreases stimulation of the SA node causing a slower heart beat
b. decreases stimulation of the SA node causing a slower heart beat
600
The client who has been taking an HMG CO-A Reductase inhibitor phones the nurse line and reports feeling pain to his right upper abdomen and says the whites of his eyes are light yellow. The LVN instructs him to go to the emergency room. She suspects:
a. rhabdomyolysis
b. hepatic injury
c. renal injury
d. myocardial infarction
b. hepatic injury
600
The LVN student is studying cardiac medications. She knows that a contraindication for Calcium-channel blockers and Beta Blockers is (select all that apply).
a. hypertension
b. heart block
c. angina
d. bradycardia
b and d
these medications slow down the contractions of the heart. If the client has a heart block or bradycardia, these medications may slow it to dangerous levels.
600
What are 2 conditions do Calcium Channel Blockers treat?
a. hyperlipidemia
b. angina
c. hypertension
d. heart block
b and c
600
The client is on a heparin drip which is being titrated according to lab values. Which laboratory value detects the therapeutic effects of heparin?
a. partial thromboplastin time / PTT
b. prothrombin time / PT
c. platelet count / PLT
d. erythrocyte count
a. PTT
600
The LVN knows that Rifampin causes a red/orange discoloration of bodily fluids including (select all that apply)
a. tears
b. urine
c. saliva
d. feces
e. sweat
a,b,c,d,e
600
The LVN is looking at laboratory orders for her client who is taking digoxin and furosemide. What lab does she prioritize to ensure the provider has ordered?
a. glycosylated hemoglobin (Hgb A1C)
b. complete blood count (CBC)
c. cortisol level
d. potassium level
d. potassium level
700
Aldosterone is a _____________ and Cortisol is a ______________.
a. glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid
b. mineralocorticoid, glucocorticoid
b. mineralocorticoid, glucocorticoid
700
Medications that lubricate the respiratory tract to reduce the viscosity (thickness) of secretions and then stimulate the cough reflex are:
a. antitussives (dextromethorphan)
b. expectorants (guaifenesin)
c. decongestants (pseudoephedrine)
d.
b. expectorants (guaifenesin)
Nurses should take caution in the older adult, pediatric, and stroke populations where the ability to cough up secretions is compromised. A suction setup should be available to prevent aspiration and assist the client with clearing secretions.
700
Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic that is also used in cases of
a. nausea and vomiting
b. anaphylaxis
c. acetaminophen overdose
c. acetaminophen overdose
700
PTU/Propylthiouracil is ordered for a patient. The nurse immediately calls to question this order for a client with:
a. WBC count 9000
b. Elevated liver enzymes and jaundice
c. heat intolerance and diarrhea
d. weight loss and tachycardia
b. Elevated liver enzymes and jaundice
700
A pediatric patient requires an epinephrine injection. The LVN educates the parents about adverse effects of epinephrine that the child may experience. Which does she include?
a. bronchoconstriction
b. increased salivation
c. tachycardia
d. increased peristalsis
c. tachycardia
700
The nurse is teaching a client about side effects of a Beta Blocker. She instructs the client to:
a. expect chest tightness as an insignificant side effect
b. take the medication at the same time as their asthma inhaler
c. expect blurred vision in the first two weeks
d. change positions slowly when going from sitting to standing
d. change positions slowly when going from sitting to standing
700
Clients taking atorvastatin are at risk for developing rhabdomyolysis. Symptoms include which of the following (select all that apply):
a. fatigue
b. muscle flexibility
c. muscle pain
d. light-clear urine
a and c
rhabdomyolysis is characterized by fatigue, muscle stiffness, muscle pain/cramping, and dark-colored urine
700
Medications that could cause orthostatic hypotension include: (select all that apply)
a. diltiazem
b. lisinopril
c. amlodipine
d. atenolol
a, b, c, and d
all of them
700
The LVN is caring for a client who takes a nitrate for angina. The client presses the call light and complains of lightheadedness, dizziness, and feeling flushed. The nurse's first action is to:
a. call the physician to discuss these adverse effects
b. help the client to the bed and position the bed in high fowler's
c. check vital signs
d. check the client's blood glucose level
c. check vital signs
700
Which of the following medication has no antidote?
a. Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)
b. Heparin
c. Enoxaparin
d. Warfarin
a. Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)
700
Foods high in tyramine (which should be avoided with INH therapy) include which of the following? (select 4)
a. aged cheeses
b. pasta
c. cured meats
d. pickled beets
e. smoked fish
f. broccoli
a, c, d, and e
700
The client, with a history of atrial fibrillation, is taking digoxin. She demonstrates understanding when she states:
a. My medication prevents my heart from quivering and helps it beat regularly and pump blood efficiently.
b. My medication lowers the amount of fat in my arteries.
c. My medication opens up the vessels in my heart so that my heart gets more oxygen.
a. My medication prevents my heart from quivering and helps it beat regularly and pump blood efficiently.
800
Which of the following would be appropriate nursing diagnoses for a client on long-term glucocorticoid therapy?
a. Disturbance in body image r/t cushingoid appearance and weight gain
b. Disturbed sleep pattern r/t insomnia
c. Risk for unstable glucose levels r/t glucocorticoid use
d. Risk for injury r/t decreased bone mass and osteoporosis
a,b,c,& d
800
A client taking mucolytics or expectorants should make sure to:
a. limit po fluid intake to decrease the amount of secretions
b. drink only thick liquids that won't make them cough too much
c. maintain fluid intake of 2L or more daily to help thin their secretions
c. maintain fluid intake of 2L or more daily to help thin their secretions
800
Decongestants work to:
a. decrease congestion in the nasal cavities and sinuses / upper respiratory system
b. decrease congestion in the chest/ lower respiratory system
a. decrease congestion in the nasal cavities and sinuses / upper respiratory system
800
The LVN is caring for a client taking levothyroxine. She knows the client needs teaching about possible interactions with which 2 of their other home medications?
a. metformin (antidiabetic)
b. acetaminophen (non-salicylate)
c. warfarin (anticoagulant)
d. furosemide (diuretic)
a & c
antidiabetics and anticoagulants interact with levothyroxine.
Increased risk for hyperglycemia and increased risk for bleeding
800
Which of the following conditions are adrenal medications used for?
a. Hypovolemic shock
b. Hyperthyroidism
c. Severe hypotension
d. Respiratory distress
a, c, and d
800
Beta-adrenergic Blockers are:
a. Beta-adrenergic agonists
b. Beta-adrenergic antagonists
c. sympathomimetics
b. Beta-adrenergic antagonists
800
The nurse is checking the lab results for a client taking an antihyperlipidemic medication. Which of the following does she see as a therapeutic response to the medication?
a. decreased HDL
b. increased LDL
c. decreased triglycerides
d. increased creatinine
c. decreased triglycerides
800
Antihypertensives are like thyroid supplements in that:
a. They both take several weeks to work
b. The client most likely will have to take them for a lifetime
c. They are prescribed for clients with high blood pressure
b. The client most likely will have to take them for a lifetime
800
A client who is taking nitroglycerin is also on an antihypertensive medication. The nurse is MOST concerned with which of the following?
a. the client's risk for falls from orthostatic hypotension or dizziness
b. the client is upset that he is unable to take his erectile dysfunction medication
c. the client is very hairy and it will be hard to decide where to put his nitroglycerine patch
a. the client's risk for falls from orthostatic hypotension or dizziness
800
The nurse is caring for a client on an IV heparin drip. During her assessment of the client, she prioritizes
a. auscultating bowel sounds x 1 minute in each quadrant
b. auscultating the apical pulse for 1 full minute
c. checking the client's temperature with a rectal thermometer.d. visually inspecting the client's mucous membranes and skin for any signs of bleeding
d. visually inspecting the client's mucous membranes and skin for any signs of bleeding
800
A client taking Isoniazid should regularly have which serum laboratory test performed?
a. urine testing for blood
b. liver function tests
c. fungal blood cultures
d. arterial blood gases
b. liver function tests
800
Which medication is used for clients with heart failure to increase the force of contraction to increase cardiac output?
a. furosemide
b. atorvastatin
c. digoxin
d. enoxaparin
c. digoxin
Digoxin is a positive inotrope that increases the force of the contraction of the heart to improve cardiac output.